0001140361-26-008268 | 10-K | XBRL Viewer

Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Our provision for income tax expense for 2025, 2024 and 2023 consisted of the following:

	2025		2024			2023
Current income tax expense:
U.S. federal	$	17,813,302	$	11,708,424		$	158,575
State		250,000		250,000			250,000
Deferred income tax expense (benefit):
U.S. federal		188,935	$	(481,744	)	$	229,397
Total income tax expense included in the consolidated statements of income	$	18,252,237	$	11,476,680		$	637,972

Reconciliation of Federal Income Tax Rate

Our effective tax rate is different from the amount computed at the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21%. The reasons for such difference and the related tax effects are as follows:

	2025					2024					2023
Income before income tax expense	$	97,592,977				$	62,338,932				$	5,063,476
Tax at U.S. federal statutory rate		20,494,525		21.0	%		13,091,176		21.0	%		1,063,330		21.0	%
State income taxes, net of federal income tax effect		250,000		0.3			250,000		0.4			250,000		4.9
Nontaxable or nondeductible items:
Tax-exempt interest		(1,506,919	)	(1.5	)		(1,260,114	)	(2.0	)		(1,328,312	)	(26.2	)
Proration		392,676		0.4			329,468		0.5			351,415		6.9
Dividends received deduction		(63,786	)	(0.1	)		(57,759	)	(0.1	)		(77,348	)	(1.5	)
Stock options		(895,639	)	(0.9	)		101,600		0.2			595,602		11.8
Fixed-maturity dispositions		—		—			(585,845	)	(0.9	)		—		—
Other adjustments:
Unrealized gain on equity securities		(1,060,494	)	(1.1	)		(1,054,875	)	(1.7	)		(572,213	)	(11.3	)
Additional tax paid for prior year		179,457		0.2			(5,157	)	(0.1	)		159,261		3.1
Other, net		462,417		0.4			668,186		1.1			196,237		3.9
Income tax expense	$	18,252,237		18.7	%	$	11,476,680		18.4	%	$	637,972		12.6	%

Income Taxes Paid

Income taxes paid were as follows:

	2025		2024		2023
U.S. federal	$	22,447,439	$	3,500,000	$	—
State		250,050		250,050		250,050
Total	$	22,697,489	$	3,750,050	$	250,050

Deferred Tax Assets and Deferred Tax Liabilities

The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of our deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities at December 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:

	2025			2024
Deferred tax assets:
Unearned premium	$	17,690,466		$	18,377,475
Loss reserves		11,054,832			10,579,697
Net unrealized losses		2,205,197			7,498,822
Net state operating loss carryforward - DGI Parent		7,508,094			7,581,066
Other		850,843			1,035,322
Total gross deferred tax assets		39,309,432			45,072,382
Less valuation allowance		(7,508,094	)		(7,581,066	)
Net deferred tax assets		31,801,338			37,491,316
Deferred tax liabilities:
Deferred policy acquisition costs		14,420,695			15,402,863
Loss reserve transition adjustment		—			271,738
Other		4,093,342			3,046,854
Total gross deferred tax liabilities		18,514,037			18,721,455
Net deferred tax asset	$	13,287,301		$	18,769,861

Investments - Cost and Estimated Fair Values of Equity Securities (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Investments [Abstract]
Cost	$ 27,238,146	$ 24,725,576
Gross gains	17,193,576	12,087,227
Gross losses	61,364	4,993
Estimated fair value	$ 44,370,358	$ 36,807,810

- Definition

Amount of investment in equity security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in net income (FV-NI).

+ References

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Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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+ Details

Transactions with Affiliates (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Transactions with Affiliates [Abstract]

Schedule of Reinsurance Atlantic States Ceded to Pool

The following amounts represent reinsurance Atlantic States ceded to the pool during 2025, 2024 and 2023:

	2025		2024		2023
Premiums earned	$	358,244,537	$	358,062,827	$	332,272,662
Losses and loss expenses		201,642,149		201,030,943		238,055,099
Prepaid reinsurance premiums		164,949,115		169,621,545		161,991,511
Liability for losses and loss expenses		297,962,299		297,955,741		299,947,390

Schedule of Reinsurance Atlantic States Assumed from Pool

The following amounts represent reinsurance Atlantic States assumed from the pool during 2025, 2024 and 2023:

	2025		2024		2023
Premiums earned	$	617,234,831	$	611,864,614	$	583,559,746
Losses and loss expenses		345,976,565		354,052,955		409,051,306
Unearned premiums		289,441,497		297,493,977		286,147,727
Liability for losses and loss expenses		518,833,183		517,975,350		507,527,839

Schedule of Reinsurance Ceded to Donegal Mutual Pursuant to Quota-Share Reinsurance Agreements

The following amounts represent reinsurance ceded to Donegal Mutual pursuant to these quota-share reinsurance agreements during 2025, 2024 and 2023:

	2025			2024			2023
Premiums earned	$	(32,160	)	$	19,517		$	168,243
Losses and loss expenses		2,383,014			(3,095,130	)		2,902,422
Liability for losses and loss expenses		8,814,047			10,450,447			17,852,153

Schedule of Insurance Subsidiaries Ceded to Donegal Mutual Pursuant to Reinsurance Agreements

The following amounts represent reinsurance that our insurance subsidiaries ceded to Donegal Mutual pursuant to these reinsurance agreements during 2025, 2024 and 2023:

	2025		2024		2023
Premiums earned	$	14,421,205	$	14,261,265	$	13,215,814
Losses and loss expenses		1,656,685		19,454,584		17,895,306
Liability for losses and loss expenses		1,474,118		6,876,255		2,497,244

Schedule of Effect of Affiliated Reinsurance Transactions on Net Premiums of Subsidiaries Earned

The following amounts represent the effect of affiliated reinsurance transactions on net premiums our insurance subsidiaries earned during 2025, 2024 and 2023:

	2025			2024			2023
Assumed	$	617,234,831		$	611,864,614		$	583,559,746
Ceded		(372,633,582	)		(372,343,609	)		(345,656,717	)
Net	$	244,601,249		$	239,521,005		$	237,903,029

Schedule of Effect of Affiliated Reinsurance Transactions on Net Losses and Loss Expenses Insurance Subsidiaries Incurred

The following amounts represent the effect of affiliated reinsurance transactions on net losses and loss expenses our insurance subsidiaries incurred during 2025, 2024 and 2023:

	2025			2024			2023
Assumed	$	345,976,565		$	354,052,955		$	409,051,306
Ceded		(205,681,848	)		(217,390,397	)		(258,852,827	)
Net	$	140,294,717		$	136,662,558		$	150,198,479

Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy Disclosure	12 Months Ended
Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy Disclosure	Dec. 31, 2025
Cybersecurity Risk Management, Strategy, and Governance [Line Items]
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes for Assessing, Identifying, and Managing Threats [Text Block]	Our insurance subsidiaries utilize the information systems Donegal Mutual maintains. Donegal Mutual has a robust information security program in place as a component of the enterprise-level risk management program of Donegal Mutual and us. The integration of Donegal Mutual’s information security program into the enterprise-level risk management program is intended to promote the inclusion of cybersecurity considerations in decision-making processes throughout Donegal Mutual. Donegal Mutual has implemented multiple layers of cybersecurity systems and related defensive measures that are intended to assist with assessing, identifying and managing material risks from cybersecurity threats to Donegal Mutual’s information systems. Examples of these systems and measures include firewalls, data encryption, intrusion detection and prevention systems, endpoint detection and response systems, data-loss prevention systems and multi-factor authentication requirements for remote and privileged access. Donegal Mutual also regularly evaluates the effectiveness of its information security program through enterprise risk assessments. Donegal Mutual also requires annual cybersecurity awareness training for all employees who serve Donegal Mutual and our insurance subsidiaries. Donegal Mutual expects all employees to assist in safeguarding its information systems and to assist in the discovery and reporting of cybersecurity incidents. This enterprise-wide program is intended to identify and assess internal and external cyber and information security risks that may threaten the security or integrity of the information stored on Donegal Mutual’s information systems or those of third-party providers from unauthorized access, use or other malicious acts. Donegal Mutual employs a third-party security operations center that provides after-hours alert services to help ensure continuous monitoring for cybersecurity threats. On an annual basis, Donegal Mutual also engages third-party cybersecurity consultants to perform cyberattack and penetration testing on its information systems and to conduct tabletop exercises to enhance preparedness of its crisis management team. This crisis management team includes technical and senior-level management personnel, and the exercises are intended to help maintain their readiness by reviewing the roles they will be expected to perform and the procedures they will be expected to follow in the event of a cybersecurity incident, including the assessment of reporting requirements. These consultants advise Donegal Mutual on the effectiveness of its cybersecurity processes and assist Donegal Mutual in remediating any identified vulnerabilities and implementing any recommended measures to improve its cybersecurity defenses and readiness. In addition to monitoring cybersecurity threats to Donegal Mutual’s information systems and information technology infrastructure, Donegal Mutual and we also assess and monitor the information security posture of third-party service providers whose services we deem critical to our operations. This process is designed to help Donegal Mutual’s information security personnel identify and mitigate risks related to data breaches or other cybersecurity incidents originating from third-party service providers in order to better protect Donegal Mutual’s information systems and information technology infrastructure. Donegal Mutual and we are not aware of any cybersecurity incidents or risks from cybersecurity threats that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to affect, our business strategy, results of operations or financial condition. While Donegal Mutual maintains cybersecurity insurance, the costs related to cybersecurity threats or disruptions may not be fully insured. For more information regarding the risks Donegal Mutual and we face from cybersecurity threats, see “Risk Factors - Risks Relating to Our Business - The disruption or failure of Donegal Mutual’s information technology systems or the compromise of the security of those systems that results in the theft or misuse of confidential information could materially impact adversely the business of Donegal Mutual and our insurance subsidiaries.”
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes Integrated [Flag]	true
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes Integrated [Text Block]	The integration of Donegal Mutual’s information security program into the enterprise-level risk management program is intended to promote the inclusion of cybersecurity considerations in decision-making processes throughout Donegal Mutual.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Third Party Engaged [Flag]	true
Cybersecurity Risk Third Party Oversight and Identification Processes [Flag]	true
Cybersecurity Risk Materially Affected or Reasonably Likely to Materially Affect Registrant [Flag]	false
Cybersecurity Risk Materially Affected or Reasonably Likely to Materially Affect Registrant [Text Block]	Donegal Mutual and we are not aware of any cybersecurity incidents or risks from cybersecurity threats that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to affect, our business strategy, results of operations or financial condition. While Donegal Mutual maintains cybersecurity insurance, the costs related to cybersecurity threats or disruptions may not be fully insured. For more information regarding the risks Donegal Mutual and we face from cybersecurity threats, see “Risk Factors - Risks Relating to Our Business - The disruption or failure of Donegal Mutual’s information technology systems or the compromise of the security of those systems that results in the theft or misuse of confidential information could materially impact adversely the business of Donegal Mutual and our insurance subsidiaries.”
Cybersecurity Risk Role of Management [Text Block]	Donegal Mutual employs an information security officer who has relevant experience and expertise in information security and holds the management position that is primarily responsible for assessing and managing cybersecurity risks.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Expertise of Management Responsible [Text Block]	Donegal Mutual employs an information security officer who has relevant experience and expertise in information security and holds the management position that is primarily responsible for assessing and managing cybersecurity risks. In addition, the chief risk officer of Donegal Mutual and us has extensive experience in the field of risk management, which is helpful for developing and executing Donegal Mutual’s information security program in a manner that aligns with the overall enterprise-level risk management program of Donegal Mutual and us.
Cybersecurity Risk Board of Directors Oversight [Text Block]	Donegal Mutual employs an information security officer who has relevant experience and expertise in information security and holds the management position that is primarily responsible for assessing and managing cybersecurity risks. In addition, the chief risk officer of Donegal Mutual and us has extensive experience in the field of risk management, which is helpful for developing and executing Donegal Mutual’s information security program in a manner that aligns with the overall enterprise-level risk management program of Donegal Mutual and us. In connection with carrying out their overall oversight responsibilities, the boards of directors of Donegal Mutual and us have delegated certain cybersecurity oversight responsibilities to the joint audit committee of those boards. The joint audit committee meets at least quarterly and is central to the boards’ oversight of cybersecurity risks. A member of the joint audit committee has extensive information technology and cybersecurity experience in the insurance industry. The joint audit committee actively monitors these risks in order to assist in coordinating prevention and mitigation efforts by, among other things, participating in risk management committee meetings and receiving quarterly reports from the chief risk officer of Donegal Mutual and us on cybersecurity risks and related matters. Donegal Mutual’s information security officer also provides an annual cybersecurity report to the boards of directors of Donegal Mutual and us. The annual cybersecurity report encompasses a broad range of topics, including types of threats and attempted infiltrations, applicable regulatory developments, information security program activities and planned cybersecurity enhancements to address emerging threats. Donegal Mutual and we also maintain a risk management committee that is comprised of our shared executive officers and other key management personnel. This committee meets quarterly and is responsible for our enterprise risk strategy and management, which includes identifying, assessing, addressing and monitoring cybersecurity risks. Donegal Mutual’s information security officer provides quarterly updates to the risk management committee. Those updates include current cybersecurity issues and trends and any relevant information related to the prevention, detection, mitigation and remediation of cybersecurity incidents.
Cybersecurity Risk Board Committee or Subcommittee Responsible for Oversight [Text Block]	In connection with carrying out their overall oversight responsibilities, the boards of directors of Donegal Mutual and us have delegated certain cybersecurity oversight responsibilities to the joint audit committee of those boards.
Cybersecurity Risk Process for Informing Board Committee or Subcommittee Responsible for Oversight [Text Block]	The joint audit committee actively monitors these risks in order to assist in coordinating prevention and mitigation efforts by, among other things, participating in risk management committee meetings and receiving quarterly reports from the chief risk officer of Donegal Mutual and us on cybersecurity risks and related matters.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible Report to Board [Flag]	true
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible [Flag]	true
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible [Text Block]	Donegal Mutual and we also maintain a risk management committee that is comprised of our shared executive officers and other key management personnel. This committee meets quarterly and is responsible for our enterprise risk strategy and management, which includes identifying, assessing, addressing and monitoring cybersecurity risks. Donegal Mutual’s information security officer provides quarterly updates to the risk management committee.
Cybersecurity Risk Process for Informing Management or Committees Responsible [Text Block]	Donegal Mutual’s information security officer provides quarterly updates to the risk management committee. Those updates include current cybersecurity issues and trends and any relevant information related to the prevention, detection, mitigation and remediation of cybersecurity incidents.

Accounting Policies, by Policy (Policies)	12 Months Ended
Accounting Policies, by Policy (Policies)	Dec. 31, 2025
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Organization and Business	Organization and Business Donegal Mutual Insurance Company (“Donegal Mutual”) organized us as an insurance holding company on August 26, 1986. Our insurance subsidiaries are Atlantic States Insurance Company (“Atlantic States”), Michigan Insurance Company (“MICO”), the Peninsula Insurance Group (“Peninsula”), which consists of The Peninsula Insurance Company and its wholly owned subsidiary Peninsula Indemnity Company, and Southern Insurance Company of Virginia (“Southern”). Our insurance subsidiaries and their affiliates write commercial and personal lines of property and casualty coverages exclusively through a network of independent insurance agents in certain Mid-Atlantic, Midwestern, Southern and Southwestern states. At December 31, 2025, we had three segments: our investment function, our commercial lines of insurance and our personal lines of insurance. The commercial lines products of our insurance subsidiaries consist primarily of commercial automobile, commercial multi-peril and workers’ compensation policies. The personal lines products of our insurance subsidiaries consist primarily of homeowners and private passenger automobile policies. At December 31, 2025, Donegal Mutual held approximately 44% of our outstanding Class A common stock and approximately 85% of our outstanding Class B common stock. This ownership provides Donegal Mutual with approximately 70% of the total voting power of our common stock. Our insurance subsidiaries and Donegal Mutual have interrelated operations due to a pooling agreement and other intercompany agreements and transactions. While each company maintains its separate corporate existence, our insurance subsidiaries and Donegal Mutual conduct business together as the Donegal Insurance Group. As such, Donegal Mutual and our insurance subsidiaries share the same business philosophy, the same management, the same employees and the same facilities and offer the same types of insurance products. Atlantic States, our largest subsidiary, participates in a proportional reinsurance agreement (the “pooling agreement”) with Donegal Mutual. Under the pooling agreement, Donegal Mutual and Atlantic States contribute substantially all of their respective premiums, losses and loss expenses to the underwriting pool, and the underwriting pool, acting through Donegal Mutual, then allocates 80% of the pooled business to Atlantic States. Thus, Donegal Mutual and Atlantic States share the underwriting results of the pooled business in proportion to their respective participation in the underwriting pool. In addition, Donegal Mutual has a 100% quota-share reinsurance agreement with Southern Mutual Insurance Company (“Southern Mutual”). Donegal Mutual places its assumed business from Southern Mutual into the underwriting pool. Donegal Mutual also has a 100% quota-share reinsurance agreement with Mountain States Indemnity Company and Mountain States Commercial Insurance Company (collectively, the “Mountain States insurance subsidiaries”). Donegal Mutual places its assumed business from the Mountain States insurance subsidiaries into the underwriting pool. The same executive management and underwriting personnel administer products, classes of business underwritten, pricing practices and underwriting standards of Donegal Mutual and our insurance subsidiaries. In addition, as the Donegal Insurance Group, Donegal Mutual and our insurance subsidiaries share a combined business plan to achieve market penetration and underwriting profitability objectives. The products our insurance subsidiaries and Donegal Mutual market are generally complementary, thereby allowing the Donegal Insurance Group to offer a broader range of products to a given market and to expand the Donegal Insurance Group’s ability to service an entire personal lines or commercial lines account. Distinctions within the products of Donegal Mutual and our insurance subsidiaries generally allow the individual companies to manage certain risk segments through variations in coverage, terms and pricing. Therefore, the underwriting profitability of the business the individual companies write directly will vary. However, the underwriting pool homogenizes the risk characteristics of all business that Donegal Mutual and Atlantic States write directly. The business Atlantic States derives from the underwriting pool represents a significant percentage of our total consolidated revenues. We refer to Note 3 - Transactions with Affiliates for more information regarding the pooling agreement. In September 2025, Donegal Mutual and Southern entered into a renewal rights agreement with an affiliate of a farm-focused Pennsylvania-based mutual insurance group to provide a continuation option for their farm policyholders when they begin to non-renew all farm policies as they expire beginning in the second quarter of 2026. Donegal Mutual and Southern determined that the costs required to modernize the legacy farm product and systems were higher than the projected return on investment for this non-core line of business that represents approximately $6 million in premiums. None of our other insurance subsidiaries offered farm policies. We currently include farm policies within other commercial lines in our line of business reporting.
Basis of Consolidation	Basis of Consolidation Our consolidated financial statements, which we have prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), include our accounts and those of our wholly owned subsidiaries. We have eliminated all significant inter-company accounts and transactions in consolidation. The terms “we,” “us,” “our” or the “Company” as we use them in the notes to our consolidated financial statements refer to the consolidated entity.
Use of Estimates	Use of Estimates In preparing our consolidated financial statements, our management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the balance sheet and revenues and expenses for the period then ended. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. We make estimates and assumptions that could have a significant effect on amounts and disclosures we report in our consolidated financial statements. The most significant estimates relate to our insurance subsidiaries’ reserves for property and casualty insurance unpaid losses and loss expenses. While we believe our estimates and the estimates of our insurance subsidiaries are appropriate, the ultimate amounts may differ from the estimates provided. We regularly review our methods for making these estimates as well as the continuing appropriateness of the estimated amounts, and we reflect any adjustment we consider necessary in our current results of operations.
Reclassification	Reclassification We have made certain reclassifications in our prior period financial statements to conform to the current year presentation.
Investments	Investments We classify our debt securities into the following categories: Held to Maturity - Debt securities that we have the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity; reported at amortized cost. Available for Sale - Debt securities not classified as held to maturity; reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses excluded from income and reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity (net of tax effects). Short-term investments are carried at amortized cost, which approximates fair value. We make estimates concerning the valuation of our investments and, as applicable, the recognition of declines in the value of our investments. For equity securities, we measure investments at fair value, and we recognize changes in fair value in our results of operations. With respect to an available-for-sale debt security that is in an unrealized loss position, we first assess if we intend to sell the debt security. If we determine we intend to sell the debt security, we recognize the impairment loss in our results of operations. If we do not intend to sell the debt security, we determine whether it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the debt security prior to recovery. If we determine it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the debt security prior to recovery, we recognize the impairment loss in our results of operations. If we determine it is more likely than not that we will not be required to sell the debt security prior to recovery, we then evaluate whether a credit loss has occurred with respect to that security. We determine whether a credit loss has occurred by comparing the amortized cost of the debt security to the present value of the cash flows we expect to collect. If we expect a cash flow shortfall, we consider that a credit loss has occurred. If we determine that a credit loss has occurred, we establish an allowance for credit loss. We then recognize the amount of the allowance in our results of operations, and we recognize the remaining portion of the impairment loss in our other comprehensive income, net of applicable taxes. We regularly review the allowance for credit losses and recognize changes in the allowance in our results of operations. In addition, we may write down securities in an unrealized loss position based on a number of other factors, including when the fair value of an investment is significantly below its cost, when the financial condition of the issuer of a security has deteriorated, the occurrence of industry, issuer or geographic events that have negatively impacted the value of a security and rating agency downgrades. For held-to-maturity debt securities, we make estimates concerning expected credit losses at an aggregated level rather than monitoring individual debt securities for credit losses. We establish an allowance for expected credit losses based on an ongoing review of securities held, historical loss data, changes in issuer credit standing and other relevant factors. We utilize a probability-of-default methodology, which reflects current and forecasted economic conditions, to estimate the allowance for expected credit losses and recognize changes to the allowance in our results of operations. We amortize premiums and discounts on debt securities over the life of the security as an adjustment to yield using the effective interest method. We compute investment gains and losses using the specific identification method. We amortize premiums and discounts for mortgage-backed debt securities using anticipated prepayments.
Fair Values of Financial Instruments	Fair Values of Financial Instruments We use the following methods and assumptions in estimating our fair value disclosures: Investments - We present our investments in available-for-sale fixed maturity and equity securities at estimated fair value. The estimated fair value of a security may differ from the amount that we could realize if we sold the security in a forced transaction. In addition, the valuation of fixed maturity investments is more subjective when markets are less liquid, increasing the potential that the estimated fair value does not reflect the price at which an actual transaction would occur. We utilize nationally recognized independent pricing services to estimate fair values for our fixed maturity and equity investments. We generally obtain two prices per security. The pricing services utilize market quotations for fixed maturity and equity securities that have quoted prices in active markets. For fixed maturity securities that generally do not trade on a daily basis, the pricing services prepare estimates of fair value measurements based predominantly on observable market inputs. The pricing services do not use broker quotes in determining the fair values of our investments. Our investment personnel review the estimates of fair value the pricing services provide to determine if the estimates we obtain are representative of fair values based upon the general knowledge of our investment personnel of the market, their research findings related to unusual fluctuations in value and their comparison of such values to execution prices for similar securities. Our investment personnel monitor the market and are familiar with current trading ranges for similar securities and the pricing of specific investments. Our investment personnel review all pricing estimates that we receive from the pricing services against their expectations with respect to pricing based on fair market curves, security ratings, coupon rates, security type and recent trading activity. Our investment personnel review documentation with respect to the pricing services’ pricing methodology that they obtain periodically to determine if the primary pricing sources, market inputs and pricing frequency for various security types are reasonable. We refer to Note 5 - Fair Value Measurements for more information regarding our methods and assumptions in estimating fair values. Cash and Short-Term Investments - The carrying amounts we report in the balance sheet for these instruments approximate their fair values. Premiums and Reinsurance Receivables and Payables - The carrying amounts we report in the balance sheet for these instruments related to premiums and paid losses and loss expenses approximate their fair values.
Revenue Recognition	Revenue Recognition Our insurance subsidiaries recognize insurance premiums as income over the terms of the policies they issue. Our insurance subsidiaries calculate unearned premiums on a daily pro-rata basis.
Policy Acquisition Costs	Policy Acquisition Costs We defer our insurance subsidiaries’ policy acquisition costs, consisting primarily of commissions, premium taxes and certain other underwriting costs, reduced by ceding commissions, related directly to the successful acquisition of new or renewal insurance contracts. We amortize these deferred policy acquisition costs over the period in which our insurance subsidiaries earn the premiums. The method we follow in computing deferred policy acquisition costs limits the amount of such deferred costs to their estimated realizable value, which gives effect to the premium to be earned, related investment income, losses and loss expenses and certain other costs we expect to incur as our insurance subsidiaries earn the premium. Estimates in the calculation of policy acquisition costs have not shown material variability because of uncertainties in applying accounting principles or as a result of sensitivities to changes in key assumptions.
Property and Equipment	Property and Equipment We report property and equipment at depreciated cost that we compute using the straight-line method based upon estimated useful lives of the assets.
Losses and Loss Expenses	Losses and Loss Expenses Liabilities for losses and loss expenses are estimates at a given point in time of the amounts an insurer expects to pay with respect to incurred policyholder claims based on facts and circumstances the insurer knows at that point in time. For example, legislative, judicial and regulatory actions may expand coverage definitions, retroactively mandate coverage or otherwise require our insurance subsidiaries to pay losses for damages that their policies explicitly excluded or did not intend to cover. At the time of establishing its estimates, an insurer recognizes that its ultimate liability for losses and loss expenses will exceed or be less than such estimates. Our insurance subsidiaries base their estimates of liabilities for losses and loss expenses on assumptions as to future loss trends, expected claims severity, judicial theories of liability and other factors. However, during the loss adjustment period, our insurance subsidiaries may learn additional facts regarding individual claims, and, consequently, it often becomes necessary for our insurance subsidiaries to refine and adjust their estimates for these liabilities. We reflect any adjustments to the liabilities for losses and loss expenses of our insurance subsidiaries in our consolidated results of operations in the period in which our insurance subsidiaries make adjustments to their estimates. Our insurance subsidiaries maintain liabilities for the payment of losses and loss expenses with respect to both reported and unreported claims. Our insurance subsidiaries establish these liabilities for the purpose of covering the ultimate costs of settling all losses, including investigation and litigation costs. Our insurance subsidiaries base the amount of their liability for reported losses primarily upon a case-by-case evaluation of the type of risk involved, knowledge of the circumstances surrounding each claim and the insurance policy provisions relating to the type of loss the policyholder incurred. Our insurance subsidiaries determine the amount of their liability for unreported claims and loss expenses on the basis of historical information by line of insurance. Our insurance subsidiaries account for inflation in the reserving function through analysis of costs and trends and reviews of historical reserving results. Our insurance subsidiaries monitor their liabilities closely and recompute them periodically using new information on reported claims and a variety of statistical techniques. Our insurance subsidiaries do not discount their liabilities for losses and loss expenses. Reserve estimates can change over time because of unexpected changes in assumptions related to our insurance subsidiaries’ external environment and, to a lesser extent, assumptions related to our insurance subsidiaries’ internal operations. For example, our insurance subsidiaries have experienced an increase in claims severity and a lengthening of the claim settlement periods on bodily injury claims during the past several years. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic and related government mandates and restrictions resulted in various changes from historical claims reporting and settlement trends during 2020 and resulted in significant increases in loss costs in subsequent years due to a number of factors, including supply chain disruption, higher new and used automobile values, increases in the cost of replacement automobile parts and rising labor rates. These trend changes caused significant disruption to historical loss patterns and give rise to greater uncertainty as to the pattern of future loss settlements. Related uncertainties regarding future trends include social inflation, availability and cost of replacement automobile parts and building materials, availability and cost of skilled labor, the rate of specialized plaintiff attorney involvement in claims, increasing plaintiff attorney utilization of litigation financing and its impact on litigation strategies and the cost of medical technologies and procedures. Assumptions related to our insurance subsidiaries’ external environment include the absence of significant changes in tort law and the legal environment that increase liability exposure, consistency in judicial interpretations of insurance coverage and policy provisions and the rate of loss cost inflation. Internal assumptions include consistency in the recording of premium and loss statistics, consistency in the recording of claims, payment and case reserving methodology, accurate measurement of the impact of rate changes and changes in policy provisions, consistency in the quality and characteristics of business written within a given line of business and consistency in reinsurance coverage and collectability of reinsured losses, among other items. To the extent our insurance subsidiaries determine that underlying factors impacting their assumptions have changed, our insurance subsidiaries make adjustments in their reserves that they consider appropriate for such changes. Accordingly, our insurance subsidiaries’ ultimate liability for unpaid losses and loss expenses will likely differ from the amount recorded at December 31, 2025. Our insurance subsidiaries seek to enhance their underwriting results by carefully selecting the product lines they underwrite. Our insurance subsidiaries’ personal lines products primarily include standard and preferred risks in private passenger automobile and homeowners lines. Our insurance subsidiaries’ commercial lines products primarily include business offices, wholesalers, service providers, contractors, artisans and light manufacturing operations. Our insurance subsidiaries have limited exposure to asbestos and other environmental liabilities.
Income Taxes	Income Taxes We currently file a consolidated federal income tax return that includes us and our insurance subsidiaries. We account for income taxes using the asset and liability method. The objective of the asset and liability method is to establish deferred tax assets and liabilities for the temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of our assets and liabilities at enacted tax rates we expect to be in effect when we realize or settle such amounts.
Credit Risk	Credit Risk Our objective is to earn competitive returns by investing in a diversified portfolio of securities. Our portfolio of fixed maturity securities and, to a lesser extent, short-term investments is subject to credit risk. We define this risk as the potential loss in fair value resulting from adverse changes in the borrower’s ability to repay its debt to us. We manage this risk by performing an analysis of prospective investments and through regular reviews of our portfolio by our investment personnel. We also limit the amount of our total investment portfolio that we invest in any one security. Our insurance subsidiaries provide property and liability insurance coverages through independent insurance agencies located throughout their operating areas. Our insurance subsidiaries bill the majority of this business directly to their policyholders, although our insurance subsidiaries bill a portion of their commercial business through their agents, to whom they extend credit in the normal course of business. Our insurance subsidiaries have reinsurance agreements with Donegal Mutual and with a number of major unaffiliated reinsurers.
Reinsurance Accounting and Reporting	Reinsurance Accounting and Reporting Our insurance subsidiaries rely upon reinsurance agreements to limit their maximum net loss from large single risks or risks in concentrated areas and to increase their capacity to write insurance. Reinsurance does not relieve our insurance subsidiaries from liability to their respective policyholders. To the extent that a reinsurer cannot pay losses for which it is liable under the terms of a reinsurance agreement with one or more of our insurance subsidiaries, our insurance subsidiaries retain continued liability for such losses. However, in an effort to reduce the risk of non-payment, our insurance subsidiaries require all of their reinsurers to have an A.M. Best rating of A- or better or, with respect to foreign reinsurers, to have a financial condition that, in the opinion of our management, is equivalent to a company with an A.M. Best rating of A- or better. We refer to Note 10 - Reinsurance for more information regarding the reinsurance agreements of our insurance subsidiaries. We report reinsurance receivable net of an allowance for expected credit losses. We establish an allowance for expected credit losses based upon our ongoing review of amounts outstanding, historical loss data, changes in reinsurer credit standing and other relevant factors. We utilize a probability-of-default methodology, which reflects current and forecasted economic conditions, to estimate the allowance for expected credit losses and recognize changes to the allowance in our results of operations.
Stock-Based Compensation	Stock-Based Compensation We measure all share-based payments to our directors and the directors and employees of our subsidiaries and affiliates, including grants of stock options, using a fair-value-based method and record such expense in our results of operations. In determining the expense we record for stock options we grant to our directors and the directors and employees of our subsidiaries and affiliates, we estimate the fair value of each option award on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The significant assumptions we utilize in applying the Black-Scholes option pricing model are the risk-free interest rate, expected term, dividend yield and expected volatility. In 2025, 2024 and 2023, we realized $1,271,177, $370,644 and $139,135, respectively, in tax benefits upon the exercise of stock options.
Earnings per Share	Earnings Per Share We calculate basic earnings per share by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share reflects the dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock. We have two classes of common stock, which we refer to as Class A common stock and Class B common stock. Our Class A common stock is entitled to the declaration and payment of cash dividends that are at least 10% higher than those we declare and pay on our Class B common stock. Accordingly, we use the two-class method for the computation of earnings per common share. The two-class method is an earnings allocation formula that determines earnings per share separately for each class of common stock based on dividends declared and an allocation of remaining undistributed earnings using a participation percentage that reflects the dividend rights of each class.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets	Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the underlying fair value of acquired entities. When completing acquisitions, we seek also to identify separately identifiable intangible assets that we have acquired. We assess goodwill and intangible assets with an indefinite useful life for impairment annually. We also assess goodwill and other intangible assets for impairment upon the occurrence of certain events. In making our assessment, we consider a number of factors including operating results, business plans, economic projections, anticipated future cash flows and current market data. Inherent uncertainties exist with respect to these factors and to our judgment in applying them when we make our assessment. Impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets could result from changes in economic and operating conditions in future periods.
Impact of New Accounting Standards	In September 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued guidance that amended previous guidance on the impairment of financial instruments by adding an impairment model that requires an entity to recognize expected credit losses as an allowance rather than impairments as credit losses are incurred. The intent of this guidance is to reduce complexity and result in a more timely recognition of expected credit losses. In November 2019, the FASB issued guidance that delayed the effective date for “smaller reporting companies,” as defined in Item 10(f)(1) of Regulation S-K, to annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2022 from December 15, 2019. We were a smaller reporting company at the time this guidance was issued, and our adoption of this guidance on January 1, 2023 resulted in an after-tax decrease in retained earnings of $1.9 million. The adoption of this guidance did not have a significant impact on our results of operations or cash flows. In November 2023, the FASB issued guidance that amended previous guidance on the disclosure of reportable segments. The guidance requires disclosure of incremental segment information including the title and position of the individual identified as the chief operating decision maker, a narrative explanation of how the chief operating decision maker uses each reported measure of a segment’s profit or loss in assessing performance and determining how to allocate resources, as well as quantification of significant segment expenses and other items. We refer to Note 18 - Segment Information for further information and disclosure of items required within the amended and enhanced guidance. The adoption of this guidance did not have an impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. In December 2023, the FASB issued guidance to enhance the transparency and usefulness of income tax disclosures. The guidance requires disclosure of specific categories in the rate reconciliation table and additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold of equal to or greater than 5 percent of the amount computed by multiplying pretax income or loss by the applicable statutory income tax rate. The guidance also requires disaggregated disclosure of the amount of income taxes paid for federal, state and foreign taxes. We refer to Note 11- Income Taxes for further information and disclosure of items required within the amended and enhanced guidance. The adoption of this guidance did not have an impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. In November 2024, the FASB issued guidance requiring disaggregated disclosure of income statement expenses in the notes to financial statements. The guidance requires disclosure of certain expenses, including employee compensation, depreciation and selling expenses. The guidance will not impact current income statement expense captions that industry-specific guidance requires. The guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026. The adoption of this guidance will not have an impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity - USD ($)	Common Stock [Member] Class A Common Stock [Member]	Common Stock [Member] Class B Common Stock [Member]	Additional Paid-In Capital [Member]	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Member]	Retained Earnings [Member] Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]	Retained Earnings [Member]	Treasury Stock [Member]	Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]	Total
Beginning balance (ASU 2016-13 [Member]) at Dec. 31, 2022					$ (1,895,902)			$ (1,895,902)
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 301,203	$ 56,492	$ 325,601,647	$ (41,703,747)		$ 240,563,774	$ (41,226,357)		$ 483,593,012
Beginning balance (in Shares) at Dec. 31, 2022	30,120,263	5,649,240
Issuance of common stock (stock compensation plans)	$ 1,504		2,081,186						2,082,690
Issuance of common stock (stock compensation plans) (in Shares)	150,426
Stock-based compensation	$ 4,939		7,683,782						7,688,721
Stock-based compensation (in Shares)	493,866
Net income						4,425,504			4,425,504
Cash dividends						(22,166,694)			(22,166,694)
Grant of stock options			327,863			(327,863)			0
Reclassification of held-to-maturity transfer				2,803,902		(2,803,902)			0
Other comprehensive income				6,018,023					6,018,023
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 307,646	$ 56,492	335,694,478	(32,881,822)		217,794,917	(41,226,357)		479,745,354
Ending balance (in Shares) at Dec. 31, 2023	30,764,555	5,649,240
Issuance of common stock (stock compensation plans)	$ 1,534		2,006,136						2,007,670
Issuance of common stock (stock compensation plans) (in Shares)	153,366
Stock-based compensation	$ 20,364		31,621,452						31,641,816
Stock-based compensation (in Shares)	2,036,426
Net income						50,862,252			50,862,252
Cash dividends						(23,162,302)			(23,162,302)
Grant of stock options			357,880			(357,880)			0
Other comprehensive income				4,681,341					4,681,341
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2024	$ 329,544	$ 56,492	369,679,946	(28,200,481)		245,136,987	(41,226,357)		545,776,131
Ending balance (in Shares) at Dec. 31, 2024	32,954,347	5,649,240
Issuance of common stock (stock compensation plans)	$ 1,110		1,734,816						1,735,926
Issuance of common stock (stock compensation plans) (in Shares)	111,028
Stock-based compensation	$ 13,198		19,937,803						19,951,001
Stock-based compensation (in Shares)	1,319,754
Net income						79,340,740			79,340,740
Cash dividends						(26,290,457)			(26,290,457)
Grant of stock options			458,832			(458,832)			0
Other comprehensive income				19,904,738					19,904,738
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2025	$ 343,852	$ 56,492	$ 391,811,397	$ (8,295,743)		$ 297,728,438	$ (41,226,357)		$ 640,418,079
Ending balance (in Shares) at Dec. 31, 2025	34,385,129	5,649,240

Investments - Amortized Cost and Estimated Fair Values of Fixed Maturities (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Investments [Abstract]
Held to maturity, carrying value	$ 776,447,347	$ 705,713,916	$ 679,497,000
Held to maturity, allowance for credit losses	1,312,903	1,388,240	$ 1,326,000
Held to maturity, amortized cost	777,760,250	707,102,156
Held to maturity, gross unrealized gains	5,582,426	922,587
Held to maturity, gross unrealized losses	51,683,353	76,455,814
Held to maturity, estimated fair value	731,659,323	631,568,929
Total available for sale, amortized cost	650,370,011	652,564,965
Available for sale, gross unrealized gains	4,402,814	418,120
Available for sale, gross unrealized losses	14,050,050	35,091,223
Available for sale, estimated fair value	640,722,775	617,891,862
U.S. Treasury Securities and Obligations of U.S. Government Corporations and Agencies [Member]
Investments [Abstract]
Held to maturity, carrying value	79,242,467	86,579,024
Held to maturity, allowance for credit losses	47,257	51,632
Held to maturity, amortized cost	79,289,724	86,630,656
Held to maturity, gross unrealized gains	84,055	0
Held to maturity, gross unrealized losses	4,864,438	8,484,505
Held to maturity, estimated fair value	74,509,341	78,146,151
Total available for sale, amortized cost	25,057,361	87,514,016
Available for sale, gross unrealized gains	107,304	50,451
Available for sale, gross unrealized losses	835,267	3,771,832
Available for sale, estimated fair value	24,329,398	83,792,635
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions [Member]
Investments [Abstract]
Held to maturity, carrying value	436,802,311	371,895,483
Held to maturity, allowance for credit losses	357,188	259,896
Held to maturity, amortized cost	437,159,499	372,155,379
Held to maturity, gross unrealized gains	3,221,019	649,770
Held to maturity, gross unrealized losses	39,248,172	54,062,089
Held to maturity, estimated fair value	401,132,346	318,743,060
Total available for sale, amortized cost	49,982,079	41,693,772
Available for sale, gross unrealized gains	504,540	9,435
Available for sale, gross unrealized losses	1,935,902	4,298,787
Available for sale, estimated fair value	48,550,717	37,404,420
Corporate Securities [Member]
Investments [Abstract]
Held to maturity, carrying value	252,098,474	236,550,262
Held to maturity, allowance for credit losses	903,506	1,070,337
Held to maturity, amortized cost	253,001,980	237,620,599
Held to maturity, gross unrealized gains	2,211,196	272,817
Held to maturity, gross unrealized losses	7,422,745	13,607,632
Held to maturity, estimated fair value	247,790,431	224,285,784
Total available for sale, amortized cost	132,203,204	211,059,119
Available for sale, gross unrealized gains	699,686	141,685
Available for sale, gross unrealized losses	1,978,429	8,269,108
Available for sale, estimated fair value	130,924,461	202,931,696
Mortgage-Backed Securities [Member]
Investments [Abstract]
Held to maturity, carrying value	8,304,095	10,689,147
Held to maturity, allowance for credit losses	4,952	6,375
Held to maturity, amortized cost	8,309,047	10,695,522
Held to maturity, gross unrealized gains	66,156	0
Held to maturity, gross unrealized losses	147,998	301,588
Held to maturity, estimated fair value	8,227,205	10,393,934
Total available for sale, amortized cost	443,127,367	312,298,058
Available for sale, gross unrealized gains	3,091,284	216,549
Available for sale, gross unrealized losses	9,300,452	18,751,496
Available for sale, estimated fair value	$ 436,918,199	$ 293,763,111

Condensed Financial Information of Parent Company (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Condensed Financial Information of Parent Company [Abstract]

Condensed Balance Sheets

(in thousands)

December 31,	2025		2024
Assets
Investment in subsidiaries/affiliates (equity method)	$	653,075	$	559,452
Short-term investments		21,996		6,551
Cash		5,467		20,014
Property and equipment		270		385
Other		2,898		2,013
Total assets	$	683,706	$	588,415

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Liabilities
Cash dividends declared to stockholders	$	6,647	$	6,031
Notes payable to subsidiary		35,000		35,000
Other		1,641		1,608
Total liabilities		43,288		42,639
Stockholders’ equity		640,418		545,776
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	683,706	$	588,415

Condensed Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income

(in thousands)

Year Ended December 31,	2025			2024			2023
Statements of Income
Revenues
Dividends from subsidiaries	$	10,000		$	15,000		$	13,000
Other		1,299			669			638
Total revenues		11,299			15,669			13,638
Expenses
Operating expenses		1,265			1,314			1,202
Interest		1,529			1,120			787
Total expenses		2,794			2,434			1,989
Income before income tax benefit and equity in undistributed net income (loss) of subsidiaries		8,505			13,235			11,649
Income tax benefit		(1,559	)		(635	)		(375	)
Income before equity in undistributed net income (loss) of subsidiaries		10,064			13,870			12,024
Equity in undistributed net income (loss) of subsidiaries		69,277			36,992			(7,598	)
Net income	$	79,341		$	50,862		$	4,426
Statements of Comprehensive Income
Net income	$	79,341		$	50,862		$	4,426
Other comprehensive income, net of tax
Unrealized gain - subsidiaries		19,905			4,681			6,018
Other comprehensive income, net of tax		19,905			4,681			6,018
Comprehensive income	$	99,246		$	55,543		$	10,444

Condensed Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)

Year Ended December 31,	2025			2024			2023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	79,341		$	50,862		$	4,426
Adjustments:
Equity in undistributed net (income) loss of subsidiaries		(69,277	)		(36,992	)		7,598
Other		(738	)		3,159			(168	)
Net adjustments		(70,015	)		(33,833	)		7,430
Net cash provided		9,326			17,029			11,856
Cash flows from investing activities:
Net (purchase) sale of short-term investments		(15,445	)		(5,082	)		5,856
Net purchase of property and equipment		—			—			(45	)
Investment in subsidiaries		(4,441	)		(10,924	)		(819	)
Other		—			—			30
Net cash (used) received		(19,886	)		(16,006	)		5,022
Cash flows from financing activities:
Cash dividends paid		(25,674	)		(22,701	)		(21,894	)
Issuance of common stock		21,687			33,649			9,771
Net cash (used) received		(3,987	)		10,948			(12,123	)
Net change in cash		(14,547	)		11,971			4,755
Cash at beginning of year		20,014			8,043			3,288
Cash at end of year	$	5,467		$	20,014		$	8,043

Income Taxes - Income Taxes Paid (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Income Taxes - Income Taxes Paid (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Income Taxes [Abstract]
U.S. federal	$ 22,447,439	$ 3,500,000	$ 0
State	250,050	250,050	250,050
Total	$ 22,697,489	$ 3,750,050	$ 250,050

Borrowings (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Borrowings [Abstract]

Interest

The following table reflects interest we paid during 2025, 2024 and 2023:

		2025				2024				2023
Interest		$	1,350,601			$	969,089			$	618,519

FHLB of Pittsburgh [Member]

Borrowings [Abstract]

FHLB of Stock Purchased, Collateral Pledged and Assets Related

The table below presents the amount of FHLB of Pittsburgh stock Atlantic States purchased, collateral pledged and assets related to Atlantic States’ membership in the FHLB of Pittsburgh at December 31, 2025.

FHLB stock purchased and owned as part of the agreement	$	1,615,400
Collateral pledged, at par (carrying value $39,761,155)		41,599,555
Borrowing capacity currently available		2,727,041

Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses [Abstract]
Prior years	$ (10,267,402)	$ (14,971,930)	$ (16,653,344)
Percentage of development	1.50%	2.20%	2.50%

Reinsurance

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Reinsurance [Abstract]

Reinsurance

10 - Reinsurance

Unaffiliated Reinsurers

Our insurance subsidiaries and Donegal Mutual participate in a consolidated third-party reinsurance program, for which the coverage and parameters are common to all of our insurance subsidiaries and Donegal Mutual. The program utilizes several different reinsurers, all of which have an A.M. Best rating of A- (Excellent) or better or, with respect to foreign reinsurers, have a financial condition that, in the opinion of our management, is equivalent to a company with at least an A- rating from A.M. Best. The following information describes the external reinsurance Donegal Mutual and our insurance subsidiaries had in place for 2025:

•

for property insurance, excess of loss reinsurance that provided for coverage of $36.0 million per loss over a set retention of $4.0 million and catastrophe reinsurance, under which they recovered 100% of an accumulation of many losses resulting from a single event, including natural disasters, over a set retention of $25.0 million up to aggregate losses of $200.0 million per occurrence;

•

for liability insurance, excess of loss reinsurance that provided for coverage of $69.0 million per occurrence over a set retention of $6.0 million; and

•

for workers' compensation insurance, excess of loss reinsurance that provided for coverage of $17.0 million on any one life over a set retention of $3.0 million.

For property insurance, our insurance subsidiaries had excess of loss reinsurance that provided for coverage of $36.0 million per loss over a set retention of $4.0 million. For liability insurance, our insurance subsidiaries had excess of loss reinsurance that provided for coverage of $69.0 million per occurrence over a set retention of $6.0 million. For workers’ compensation insurance, our insurance subsidiaries had excess of loss reinsurance that provided for coverage of $17.0 million on any one life over a set retention of $3.0 million.

As many as 30 reinsurers provided coverage for 2025 on any one treaty with no reinsurer taking more than 17% of any one treaty. The amount of coverage provided under each of these types of reinsurance depended upon the amount, nature, size and location of the risks being reinsured.

In order to write automobile insurance in the State of Michigan, several of our insurance subsidiaries are required to be members of the Michigan Catastrophic Claims Association (“MCCA”). MCCA provides reinsurance to those insurance subsidiaries for personal automobile and commercial automobile personal injury claims in the state of Michigan over a set retention.

In addition to the pooling agreement and third-party reinsurance, our insurance subsidiaries had a catastrophe reinsurance agreement with Donegal Mutual, under which each of our insurance subsidiaries recovered 100% of an accumulation of multiple losses resulting from a single event, including natural disasters, over a set retention of $3.0 million up to aggregate losses of $22.0 million per occurrence. The agreement also provided additional coverage for an accumulation of losses from a single event including a combination of our insurance subsidiaries over a combined retention of $6.0 million. Several of our insurance subsidiaries also had a liability reinsurance agreement with Donegal Mutual, under which each of those participating insurance subsidiaries recovered 100% of losses related to any liability claim over a set retention of $3.0 million up to losses of $3.0 million per occurrence.

Our insurance subsidiaries and Donegal Mutual also purchased facultative reinsurance to cover certain exposures, including property exposures in excess of the covered limits of their respective treaty reinsurance.

The following amounts represent ceded reinsurance transactions with unaffiliated reinsurers during 2025, 2024 and 2023:

	2025			2024			2023
Premiums written	$	32,093,676		$	38,495,838		$	43,030,879
Premiums earned		32,499,899			38,688,465			42,416,710
Losses and loss expenses		(3,178,091	)		(2,537,221	)		16,318,760
Prepaid reinsurance premiums		6,134,104			6,540,327			6,732,955
Liability for losses and loss expenses		86,978,777			101,730,415			116,717,187

Total Reinsurance

The following amounts represent total ceded reinsurance transactions with both affiliated and unaffiliated reinsurers during 2025, 2024 and 2023:

	2025		2024		2023
Premiums earned	$	405,133,479	$	411,032,074	$	388,073,427
Losses and loss expenses		202,503,757		214,853,176		275,171,587
Prepaid reinsurance premiums		171,083,219		176,161,872		168,724,466
Liability for losses and loss expenses		395,229,241		417,012,858		437,013,974

The following amounts represent the effect of reinsurance on premiums written for 2025, 2024 and 2023:

	2025			2024			2023
Direct	$	695,699,115		$	737,539,403		$	702,227,408
Assumed		609,182,350			623,210,848			589,675,724
Ceded		(400,054,828	)		(418,469,480	)		(396,206,492	)
Net premiums written	$	904,826,637		$	942,280,771		$	895,696,640

The following amounts represent the effect of reinsurance on premiums earned for 2025, 2024 and 2023:

	2025			2024			2023
Direct	$	709,082,223		$	735,818,955		$	686,584,907
Assumed		617,234,831			611,864,599			583,559,906
Ceded		(405,133,479	)		(411,032,074	)		(388,073,427	)
Net premiums earned	$	921,183,575		$	936,651,480		$	882,071,386
Percentage of assumed premiums earned to net premiums earned		67.0	%		65.3	%		66.2	%

Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs - Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs [Abstract]
Beginning Balance	$ 73,346,967	$ 75,043,404	$ 73,170,230
Acquisition costs deferred	148,106,015	158,614,563	156,087,174
Amortization charged to earnings	(152,783,000)	(160,311,000)	(154,214,000)
Ending Balance	$ 68,669,982	$ 73,346,967	$ 75,043,404

- Definition

Amount of amortization expense (reversal of expense) for deferred policy acquisition costs.

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+ Details

- Definition

Amount of deferred policy acquisition cost capitalized on contract remaining in force.

+ References + Details

Impact of New Accounting Standards	12 Months Ended
Impact of New Accounting Standards	Dec. 31, 2025
Impact of New Accounting Standards [Abstract]
Impact of New Accounting Standards	2 - Impact of New Accounting Standards In September 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued guidance that amended previous guidance on the impairment of financial instruments by adding an impairment model that requires an entity to recognize expected credit losses as an allowance rather than impairments as credit losses are incurred. The intent of this guidance is to reduce complexity and result in a more timely recognition of expected credit losses. In November 2019, the FASB issued guidance that delayed the effective date for “smaller reporting companies,” as defined in Item 10(f)(1) of Regulation S-K, to annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2022 from December 15, 2019. We were a smaller reporting company at the time this guidance was issued, and our adoption of this guidance on January 1, 2023 resulted in an after-tax decrease in retained earnings of $1.9 million. The adoption of this guidance did not have a significant impact on our results of operations or cash flows. In November 2023, the FASB issued guidance that amended previous guidance on the disclosure of reportable segments. The guidance requires disclosure of incremental segment information including the title and position of the individual identified as the chief operating decision maker, a narrative explanation of how the chief operating decision maker uses each reported measure of a segment’s profit or loss in assessing performance and determining how to allocate resources, as well as quantification of significant segment expenses and other items. We refer to Note 18 - Segment Information for further information and disclosure of items required within the amended and enhanced guidance. The adoption of this guidance did not have an impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. In December 2023, the FASB issued guidance to enhance the transparency and usefulness of income tax disclosures. The guidance requires disclosure of specific categories in the rate reconciliation table and additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold of equal to or greater than 5 percent of the amount computed by multiplying pretax income or loss by the applicable statutory income tax rate. The guidance also requires disaggregated disclosure of the amount of income taxes paid for federal, state and foreign taxes. We refer to Note 11- Income Taxes for further information and disclosure of items required within the amended and enhanced guidance. The adoption of this guidance did not have an impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. In November 2024, the FASB issued guidance requiring disaggregated disclosure of income statement expenses in the notes to financial statements. The guidance requires disclosure of certain expenses, including employee compensation, depreciation and selling expenses. The guidance will not impact current income statement expense captions that industry-specific guidance requires. The guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026. The adoption of this guidance will not have an impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for change in accounting principle. Includes, but is not limited to, nature, reason, and method of adopting amendment to accounting standards or other change in accounting principle.

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+ Details

Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Revenues
Net premiums earned (includes affiliated reinsurance of $244,601,249, $239,521,005 and $237,903,029 - see note 3)	$ 921,183,575	$ 936,651,480	$ 882,071,386
Investment income, net of investment expenses	52,626,715	44,918,162	40,853,215
Installment payment fees	3,282,581	2,740,505	894,137
Lease income	302,109	313,831	346,439
Net investment gains (includes ($5,224,178), ($174,302) and ($2,242,190) accumulated other comprehensive income reclassification)	619,342	4,981,072	3,172,807
Total revenues	978,014,322	989,605,050	927,337,984
Expenses
Net losses and loss expenses (includes affiliated reinsurance of $140,294,717, $136,662,558 and $150,198,479 - see note 3)	564,332,256	604,117,716	609,177,699
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs	152,783,000	160,311,000	154,214,000
Other underwriting expenses	158,384,631	155,253,685	151,747,579
Policyholder dividends	3,010,917	4,073,481	5,313,430
Interest	1,350,601	946,020	619,813
Other, net	559,940	2,564,216	1,201,987
Total expenses	880,421,345	927,266,118	922,274,508
Income before income tax expense	97,592,977	62,338,932	5,063,476
Income tax expense (includes $1,097,077, $36,603 and $470,860 income tax benefit from reclassification items)	18,252,237	11,476,680	637,972
Net income	79,340,740	50,862,252	4,425,504
Statements of Comprehensive Income
Net income	79,340,740	50,862,252	4,425,504
Unrealized gain on securities:
Unrealized holding gain arising during the period, net of income tax expense of $4,196,548, $1,207,804 and $1,285,390	15,777,637	4,543,642	4,246,693
Reclassification adjustment for losses included in net income, net of income tax benefit of $1,097,077, $36,603 and $470,860	4,127,101	137,699	1,771,330
Other comprehensive income	19,904,738	4,681,341	6,018,023
Comprehensive income	$ 99,245,478	$ 55,543,593	$ 10,443,527
Class A Common Stock [Member]
Basic earnings per common share:
Basic (in Dollars per share)	$ 2.22	$ 1.53	$ 0.14
Diluted earnings per common share:
Diluted (in Dollars per share)	2.18	1.53	0.14
Class B Common Stock [Member]
Basic earnings per common share:
Basic (in Dollars per share)	2.01	1.38	0.11
Diluted earnings per common share:
Diluted (in Dollars per share)	$ 2.01	$ 1.38	$ 0.11

Guaranty Fund and Other Insurance-Related Assessments (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Guaranty Fund and Other Insurance-Related Assessments [Abstract]
Insurance subsidiaries' liabilities for guaranty fund and other insurance	$ 1,900,000	$ 1,900,000
Surcharges collected by insurance subsidiaries	$ 551,867	$ 668,722

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net Income (Loss)	$ 79,340,740	$ 50,862,252	$ 4,425,504

- Definition

The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.

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+ Details

Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses - Reconciliation of Net Incurred and Paid Claims Development Tables to Liability for Claims and Claim Adjustment Expenses (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses [Abstract]
Net outstanding liabilities	$ 649,688,000
Reinsurance recoverable	379,431,000
Unallocated loss adjustment expenses	1,100,049,937	$ 1,120,985,050	$ 1,126,156,838	$ 1,121,045,758
Personal Automobile [Member]
Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses [Abstract]
Net outstanding liabilities	88,977,000
Reinsurance recoverable	83,481,000
Homeowners [Member]
Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses [Abstract]
Net outstanding liabilities	24,571,000
Reinsurance recoverable	12,015,000
Commercial Automobile [Member]
Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses [Abstract]
Net outstanding liabilities	167,799,000
Reinsurance recoverable	94,996,000
Commercial Multi-Peril [Member]
Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses [Abstract]
Net outstanding liabilities	199,731,000
Reinsurance recoverable	97,061,000
Workers Compensation [Member]
Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses [Abstract]
Net outstanding liabilities	120,077,000
Reinsurance recoverable	79,691,000
Other [Member]
Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses [Abstract]
Net outstanding liabilities	48,533,000
Reinsurance recoverable	12,187,000
Title Insurance Product Line [Member]
Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses [Abstract]
Unallocated loss adjustment expenses	$ 70,931,000

Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses [Abstract]

Summary of Insurance Subsidiaries' Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses

We summarize activity in our insurance subsidiaries’ liability for losses and loss expenses as follows:

	2025			2024			2023
Balance at January 1	$	1,120,985,050		$	1,126,156,838		$	1,121,045,758
Less reinsurance recoverable		(416,621,377	)		(437,013,974	)		(451,184,222	)
Cumulative effect of adoption of updated accounting guidance for credit losses at January 1		—			—			1,131,836
Net balance at January 1		704,363,673			689,142,864			670,993,372
Incurred related to:
Current year		574,599,658			619,089,646			625,831,043
Prior years		(10,267,402	)		(14,971,930	)		(16,653,344	)
Total incurred		564,332,256			604,117,716			609,177,699
Paid related to:
Current year		286,140,139			319,195,507			330,290,039
Prior years		277,359,789			269,701,400			260,738,168
Total paid		563,499,928			588,896,907			591,028,207
Net balance at December 31		705,196,001			704,363,673			689,142,864
Plus reinsurance recoverable		394,853,936			416,621,377			437,013,974
Balance at December 31	$	1,100,049,937		$	1,120,985,050		$	1,126,156,838

Incurred and Paid Claims Development, Net of Reinsurance, Cumulative Claim Frequency and Total of IBNR Reserves Plus Expected Development on Reported Claims

The following tables present information about incurred and paid claims development as of December 31, 2025, net of reinsurance, as well as cumulative claim frequency and the total of IBNR reserves plus expected development on reported claims that our insurance subsidiaries included within their net incurred claims amounts. The tables include unaudited information about incurred and paid claims development for the years ended December 31, 2016 through 2024, which we present as supplementary information.

Personal Automobile																					At December 31, 2025
	Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021		2022		2023		2024		2025		Total IBNR Plus Expected Development on Reported Claims		Cumulative Number of Reported Claims
	Unaudited
(dollars and reported claims in thousands)
2016		150,216		153,937		157,516		157,943		156,935		156,436		156,227		155,834		155,822	$	156,148	$	58		73
2017				166,690		176,728		175,939		174,784		173,730		173,032		172,712		172,376		172,427		138		79
2018						186,580		183,358		181,558		180,787		179,732		178,990		178,799		178,836		178		81
2019								161,056		157,689		156,300		154,805		153,883		153,253		152,896		495		68
2020										111,483		103,585		100,339		99,253		98,506		98,271		553		43
2021												119,364		118,752		114,707		114,874		113,681		922		47
2022														126,203		134,834		136,073		136,349		1,942		50
2023																152,740		155,260		155,617		3,733		52
2024																		153,403		153,248		6,835		46
2025																				119,272		24,651		38
																	Total		$	1,436,745

Personal Automobile
	Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021		2022		2023		2024		2025
	Unaudited
(in thousands)
2016		102,433		129,507		143,321		151,159		153,521		154,769		155,521		155,505		155,602	$	155,630
2017				111,964		142,372		159,879		166,099		169,190		170,895		171,513		171,863		171,861
2018						115,585		150,175		163,036		169,651		173,922		176,233		177,367		178,152
2019								103,101		127,187		141,004		146,667		150,017		150,842		151,806
2020										66,084		81,783		89,736		94,094		96,277		96,837
2021												76,477		93,998		103,427		109,052		111,044
2022														83,616		109,845		125,624		131,267
2023																99,574		127,752		142,721
2024																		101,227		128,410
2025																				81,565
																	Total			1,349,293
					All outstanding liabilities before 2016, net of reinsurance															1,525
					Liabilities for claims and claims adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance														$	88,977

Homeowners																					At December 31, 2025
	Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021		2022		2023		2024		2025		Total IBNR Plus Expected Development on Reported Claims		Cumulative Number of Reported Claims
	Unaudited
(dollars and reported claims in thousands)
2016		62,443		64,064		63,735		63,355		63,279		63,409		63,472		63,478		63,462	$	63,441	$	—		12
2017				79,283		79,911		79,305		79,247		79,065		78,815		78,819		78,687		78,706		—		17
2018						81,965		83,385		82,905		82,566		82,058		81,977		81,930		81,938		26		19
2019								73,294		73,554		73,234		72,168		72,176		71,785		71,644		41		16
2020										61,633		62,718		61,595		61,495		61,285		61,340		28		14
2021												67,677		66,996		65,451		64,425		64,292		162		11
2022														82,433		82,045		81,838		81,795		539		10
2023																86,693		87,047		86,676		975		11
2024																		85,975		85,392		1,357		10
2025																				80,685		7,675		8
																	Total		$	755,909

Homeowners
	Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021		2022		2023		2024		2025
	Unaudited
(in thousands)
2016		50,125		61,145		62,760		63,144		63,162		63,217		63,266		63,296		63,302	$	63,393
2017				67,077		77,663		78,006		78,127		78,454		78,528		78,556		78,662		78,676
2018						70,385		79,892		80,905		81,464		81,568		81,826		81,833		81,841
2019								58,074		69,145		70,416		70,884		71,209		71,446		71,563
2020										51,226		60,348		60,809		61,189		61,181		61,268
2021												52,161		63,920		64,124		64,258		64,190
2022														63,107		79,187		80,132		80,673
2023																67,636		84,194		85,683
2024																		67,702		82,242
2025																				61,894
																	Total			731,423
					All outstanding liabilities before 2016, net of reinsurance															85
					Liabilities for claims and claims adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance														$	24,571

Commercial Automobile																					At December 31, 2025
	Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021		2022		2023		2024		2025		Total IBNR Plus Expected Development on Reported Claims		Cumulative Number of Reported Claims
	Unaudited
(dollars and reported claims in thousands)
2016		54,302		57,353		65,905		67,127		66,894		66,085		65,922		65,602		65,537	$	65,471	$	5		13
2017				61,484		67,927		67,697		67,249		65,310		64,631		65,022		64,821		65,161		9		14
2018						79,307		81,396		82,313		83,043		82,226		82,368		82,234		82,020		33		16
2019								88,864		91,245		90,290		86,140		84,566		83,709		84,241		76		16
2020										90,367		87,766		85,016		83,590		83,590		83,484		311		14
2021												109,824		99,231		96,947		97,903		97,070		983		15
2022														115,287		108,690		109,314		109,030		3,560		15
2023																112,135		110,821		109,817		8,281		15
2024																		115,327		112,635		16,435		12
2025																				115,112		40,776		13
																	Total		$	924,041

Commercial Automobile
	Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021		2022		2023		2024		2025
	Unaudited
(in thousands)
2016		27,033		38,237		48,837		57,237		60,485		64,421		65,076		65,273		65,315	$	65,314
2017				28,707		40,213		49,703		57,128		59,889		62,187		64,074		64,219		64,950
2018						33,862		47,941		57,451		69,487		74,421		79,308		80,375		80,922
2019								36,948		53,026		63,575		72,139		80,617		81,647		83,000
2020										31,884		46,459		60,665		70,669		78,974		80,812
2021												39,851		56,101		69,908		80,595		90,382
2022														46,242		67,367		81,554		93,641
2023																45,387		65,131		83,722
2024																		43,206		67,633
2025																				45,908
																	Total			756,284
					All outstanding liabilities before 2016, net of reinsurance															42
					Liabilities for claims and claims adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance														$	167,799

Commercial Multi-Peril																					At December 31, 2025
	Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021		2022		2023		2024		2025		Total IBNR Plus Expected Development on Reported Claims		Cumulative Number of Reported Claims
	Unaudited
(dollars and reported claims in thousands)
2016		43,005		46,988		48,267		48,871		48,732		48,823		48,802		48,374		48,213	$	48,217	$	—		6
2017				56,185		56,043		56,517		54,812		55,076		54,244		55,002		54,475		54,497		9		7
2018						66,265		66,470		67,749		67,810		65,911		65,900		65,727		66,012		93		7
2019								71,865		73,836		76,326		75,821		76,015		74,995		75,181		247		7
2020										83,195		79,910		76,490		74,796		72,624		72,330		811		8
2021												116,827		117,574		119,321		116,202		109,817		4,240		7
2022														142,395		141,935		139,486		142,993		7,931		7
2023																129,069		125,596		124,791		14,549		6
2024																		119,376		114,326		23,922		5
2025																				116,509		40,152		5
																	Total		$	924,673

Commercial Multi-Peril
	Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021		2022		2023		2024		2025
	Unaudited
(in thousands)
2016		19,660		29,402		34,612		41,193		43,435		44,944		47,432		48,048		48,169	$	48,181
2017				27,399		36,926		42,691		46,361		49,488		51,494		52,422		53,886		54,025
2018						30,597		42,296		48,050		54,913		59,118		62,253		63,040		63,911
2019								28,210		41,266		47,522		55,951		63,156		69,762		71,638
2020										34,729		46,193		52,646		58,754		66,669		69,114
2021												46,768		69,735		82,580		94,484		99,812
2022														57,641		86,664		100,931		117,583
2023																56,238		82,006		94,243
2024																		45,663		63,806
2025																				43,100
																	Total			725,413
					All outstanding liabilities before 2016, net of reinsurance															471
					Liabilities for claims and claims adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance														$	199,731

Workers’ Compensation																					At December 31, 2025
	Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021		2022		2023		2024		2025		Total IBNR Plus Expected Development on Reported Claims		Cumulative Number of Reported Claims
	Unaudited
(dollars and reported claims in thousands)
2016		58,814		49,802		47,883		44,969		44,098		43,559		43,484		43,447		43,610	$	43,580	$	89		6
2017				60,450		56,351		52,687		51,464		49,557		48,802		48,668		48,504		48,362		358		6
2018						62,197		55,291		52,514		47,912		47,007		46,742		46,552		46,046		478		6
2019								60,998		59,624		57,728		56,480		55,893		56,121		55,867		690		7
2020										57,172		57,850		57,384		56,714		56,605		58,499		693		6
2021												67,035		65,530		64,225		64,445		65,088		1,380		7
2022														67,046		67,331		69,467		68,715		2,522		7
2023																62,401		65,137		64,746		4,616		6
2024																		60,522		57,859		8,365		5
2025																				59,470		18,836		4
																	Total		$	568,232

Workers’ Compensation
	Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021		2022		2023		2024		2025
	Unaudited
(in thousands)
2016		14,709		30,344		37,178		40,570		41,208		41,543		41,809		42,195		42,486	$	42,782
2017				15,581		31,990		39,684		42,954		44,242		45,174		45,935		46,339		46,573
2018						17,644		31,928		37,072		41,611		43,279		44,359		44,624		45,046
2019								16,939		33,009		41,740		47,121		50,079		51,944		53,155
2020										14,591		32,817		44,089		48,259		50,928		52,900
2021												20,931		42,633		51,781		56,162		57,950
2022														18,643		41,225		51,916		58,828
2023																17,546		39,922		49,171
2024																		15,800		33,111
2025																				16,074
																	Total			455,590
					All outstanding liabilities before 2016, net of reinsurance															7,435
					Liabilities for claims and claims adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance														$	120,077

Reconciliation of Net Incurred and Paid Claims Development Tables to Liability for Claims and Claim Adjustment Expenses

The following table presents a reconciliation of the net incurred and paid claims development tables to the liability for claims and claims adjustment expenses in our consolidated balance sheet:

(in thousands)	At December 31, 2025
Net outstanding liabilities:
Personal automobile	$	88,977
Homeowners		24,571
Commercial automobile		167,799
Commercial multi-peril		199,731
Workers’ compensation		120,077
Other		48,533
		649,688
Reinsurance recoverable:
Personal automobile		83,481
Homeowners		12,015
Commercial automobile		94,996
Commercial multi-peril		97,061
Workers’ compensation		79,691
Other		12,187
		379,431
Unallocated loss adjustment expenses		70,931
Gross liability for unpaid losses and loss expenses	$	1,100,050

Supplementary Information about Average Historical Claims Duration

The following table presents supplementary information about average historical claims duration as of December 31, 2025:

	Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance
Years		1		2		3		4		5		6		7		8		9		10
Personal automobile		65.7	%	17.4	%	9.1	%	4.2	%	2.0	%	0.8	%	0.5	%	0.2	%	—	%	—	%
Homeowners		80.7		16.3		1.2		0.5		0.2		0.2		0.1		0.1		—		0.1
Commercial automobile		41.2		18.3		14.5		11.9		7.6		3.8		1.7		0.4		0.6		—
Commercial multi-peril		42.8		18.5		9.9		10.4		7.0		4.7		2.6		1.8		0.3		—
Workers’ compensation		30.0		32.4		15.2		8.3		3.4		2.3		1.2		0.9		0.6		0.7

Investments - Amortized Cost and Estimated Fair Value of Fixed Maturities by Contractual Maturity (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Held to maturity
Due in one year or less, amortized cost	$ 9,858,728
Due in one year or less, estimated fair value	9,844,359
Due after one year through five years, amortized cost	169,072,060
Due after one year through five years, estimated fair value	163,642,082
Due after five years through ten years, amortized cost	239,817,355
Due after five years through ten years, estimated fair value	231,085,406
Due after ten years, amortized cost	350,703,060
Due after ten years, estimated fair value	318,860,271
Mortgage-backed securities, amortized cost	8,309,047
Mortgage-backed securities, estimated fair value	8,227,205
Total held to maturity, amortized cost	777,760,250	$ 707,102,156
Total held to maturity, estimated fair value	731,659,323	631,568,929
Available for sale
Due in one year or less, amortized cost	18,784,118
Due in one year or less, estimated fair value	18,750,756
Due after one year through five years, amortized cost	48,817,652
Due after one year through five years, estimated fair value	48,465,558
Due after five years through ten years, amortized cost	86,158,680
Due after five years through ten years, estimated fair value	84,052,777
Due after ten years, amortized cost	53,482,194
Due after ten years, estimated fair value	52,535,485
Mortgage-backed securities, amortized cost	443,127,367
Mortgage-backed securities, estimated fair value	436,918,199
Total available for sale, amortized cost	650,370,011	652,564,965
Total available for sale, estimated fair value	$ 640,722,775	$ 617,891,862

Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]

Investments in Available-for-Sale Fixed Maturity and Equity Securities

The following table presents our fair value measurements for our investments in available-for-sale fixed maturity and equity securities at December 31, 2025:

	Fair Value Measurements Using
	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	24,329,398	$	—	$	24,329,398	$	—
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		48,550,717		—		48,550,717		—
Corporate securities		130,924,461		—		130,924,461		—
Mortgage-backed securities		436,918,199		—		436,918,199		—
Equity securities		44,370,358		42,233,030		2,137,328		—
Total investments in the fair value hierarchy	$	685,093,133	$	42,233,030	$	642,860,103	$	—

The following table presents our fair value measurements for our investments in available-for-sale fixed maturity and equity securities at December 31, 2024:

	Fair Value Measurements Using
	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	83,792,635	$	—	$	83,792,635	$	—
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		37,404,420		—		37,404,420		—
Corporate securities		202,931,696		—		202,931,696		—
Mortgage-backed securities		293,763,111		—		293,763,111		—
Equity securities		36,807,810		34,707,981		2,099,829		—
Total investments in the fair value hierarchy	$	654,699,672	$	34,707,981	$	619,991,691	$	—

SCHEDULE III — SUPPLEMENTARY INSURANCE INFORMATION

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

SCHEDULE III - SUPPLEMENTARY INSURANCE INFORMATION [Abstract]

SCHEDULE III — SUPPLEMENTARY INSURANCE INFORMATION

DONEGAL GROUP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

SCHEDULE III — SUPPLEMENTARY INSURANCE INFORMATION

Years Ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023

($ in thousands)

Segment	Net Premiums Earned		Net Investment Income		Net Losses and Loss Expenses		Amortization of Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs		Other Underwriting Expenses		Net Premiums Written
Year Ended December 31, 2025
Commercial lines	$	555,873	$	—	$	345,233	$	92,194	$	95,575	$	563,991
Personal lines		365,311		—		219,099		60,589		62,810		340,836
Investments		—		52,627		—		—		—		—
	$	921,184	$	52,627	$	564,332	$	152,783	$	158,385	$	904,827
Year Ended December 31, 2024
Commercial lines	$	539,683	$	—	$	334,363	$	92,368	$	89,455	$	547,920
Personal lines		396,968		—		269,755		67,943		65,799		394,361
Investments		—		44,918		—		—		—		—
	$	936,651	$	44,918	$	604,118	$	160,311	$	155,254	$	942,281
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Commercial lines	$	533,029	$	—	$	345,401	$	94,842	$	93,325	$	528,429
Personal lines		349,042		—		263,777		59,372		58,423		367,268
Investments		—		40,853		—		—		—		—
	$	882,071	$	40,853	$	609,178	$	154,214	$	151,748	$	895,697

DONEGAL GROUP INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

SCHEDULE III — SUPPLEMENTARY INSURANCE INFORMATION, CONTINUED

($ in thousands)

	At December 31,
Segment	Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs		Liability For Losses and Loss Expenses		Unearned Premiums		Other Policy Claims and Benefits Payable
2025
Commercial lines	$	44,043	$	896,541	$	379,075	$	—
Personal lines		24,627		203,509		211,965		—
Investments		—		—		—		—
	$	68,670	$	1,100,050	$	591,040	$	—
2024
Commercial lines	$	44,160	$	887,820	$	368,756	$	—
Personal lines		29,187		233,165		243,720		—
Investments		—		—		—		—
	$	73,347	$	1,120,985	$	612,476	$	—

Condensed Financial Information of Parent Company - Condensed Statements of Cash Flows (Details) - Parent Company [Member] - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$ 79,341	$ 50,862	$ 4,426
Adjustments:
Equity in undistributed net (income) loss of subsidiaries	(69,277)	(36,992)	7,598
Other	(738)	3,159	(168)
Net adjustments	(70,015)	(33,833)	7,430
Net cash provided by operating activities	9,326	17,029	11,856
Cash flows from investing activities:
Net (purchase) sale of short-term investments	(15,445)	(5,082)	5,856
Net purchase of property and equipment	0	0	(45)
Investment in subsidiaries	(4,441)	(10,924)	(819)
Other	0	0	30
Net cash used in investing activities	(19,886)	(16,006)	5,022
Cash flows from financing activities:
Cash dividends paid	(25,674)	(22,701)	(21,894)
Issuance of common stock	21,687	33,649	9,771
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	(3,987)	10,948	(12,123)
Net (decrease) increase in cash	(14,547)	11,971	4,755
Cash at beginning of year	20,014	8,043	3,288
Cash at end of year	$ 5,467	$ 20,014	$ 8,043

Stockholders' Equity (Details) - shares	12 Months Ended			149 Months Ended
Stockholders' Equity (Details) - shares	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2025	Jul. 18, 2013
Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Minimum percentage of class A common stock declared dividend excess over class B dividend	10.00%
Class A Common Stock [Member]
Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Treasury stock (in Shares)	3,002,588	72,465		3,002,588
Class A Common Stock [Member] \| Stock Repurchase Program [Member]
Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Stock repurchased (in Shares)	0	0	0	57,658
Class B Common Stock [Member]
Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Treasury stock (in Shares)	3,002,588	72,465		3,002,588
Maximum [Member] \| Class A Common Stock [Member] \| Stock Repurchase Program [Member]
Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Authority to purchase shares (in Shares)					500,000

- Definition

Number of shares that have been repurchased during the period and have not been retired and are not held in treasury. Some state laws may govern the circumstances under which an entity may acquire its own stock and prescribe the accounting treatment therefore. This element is used when state law does not recognize treasury stock.

+ References + Details

Reinsurance - Amounts Represent Effect of Reinsurance on Premiums Written (Details) - USD ($)		12 Months Ended
	Sep. 09, 2025	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Reinsurance [Abstract]
Direct		$ 695,699,115	$ 737,539,403	$ 702,227,408
Assumed		609,182,350	623,210,848	589,675,724
Ceded	$ (6,000,000)	(400,054,828)	(418,469,480)	(396,206,492)
Net		$ 904,826,637	$ 942,280,771	$ 895,696,640

Property and Equipment (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Property and Equipment (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Property and Equipment [Abstract]
Depreciation expense	$ 150,117	$ 153,480	$ 166,400

Stock Compensation Plans (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Stock Compensation Plans [Abstract]

Information Regarding Activity in Stock Option Plans

Information regarding activity in our stock option plans follows:

	Number of Options			Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share
Outstanding at December 31, 2022		6,382,179			14.94
Granted - 2023		959,200			13.87
Exercised - 2023		(493,866	)		13.79
Forfeited - 2023		(379,288	)		15.29
Expired - 2023		(1,415,897	)		15.81
Outstanding at December 31, 2023		5,052,328			14.58
Granted - 2024		910,100			15.76
Exercised - 2024		(2,035,226	)		15.06
Forfeited - 2024		(211,400	)		14.19
Expired - 2024		(229,309	)		15.63
Outstanding at December 31, 2024		3,486,493			14.57
Granted - 2025		900			15.76
Exercised - 2025		(1,319,754	)		14.36
Forfeited - 2025		(83,800	)		14.53
Expired - 2025		(12,300	)		14.43
Outstanding at December 31, 2025		2,071,539		$	14.71
Exercisable at:
December 31, 2023		3,234,327		$	14.90
December 31, 2024		1,792,942		$	14.24
December 31, 2025		1,331,747		$	14.41

Summary of Information about Stock Options Outstanding

The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at December 31, 2025:

Grant Date	Exercise Price		Number of Options Outstanding		Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life	Number of Options Exercisable
December 16, 2021		14.39		221,936	1.0 years		221,936
December 15, 2022		14.09		434,346	2.0 years		434,346
December 21, 2023		13.87		611,141	3.0 years		407,427
December 19, 2024		15.76		804,116	4.0 years		268,038
	Total			2,071,539			1,331,747

Summary of Plan Activity

A summary of plan activity follows:

	Shares Issued
	Price		Shares
January 1, 2023	$	12.07		26,545
July 1, 2023		12.27		28,912
January 1, 2024		11.89		29,787
July 1, 2024		10.95		33,899
January 1, 2025		11.25		28,500
July 1, 2025		14.14		25,328

Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income (Parentheticals) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Net premiums earned - affiliated reinsurance	$ 244,601,249	$ 239,521,005	$ 237,903,029
Net investment gains (losses)	619,342	4,981,072	3,172,807
Net losses and loss expenses - affiliated reinsurance	140,294,717	136,662,558	150,198,479
Income tax expense (benefit)	18,252,237	11,476,680	637,972
Income tax (benefit) expense on unrealized holding (loss) gain arising during the period	4,196,548	1,207,804	1,285,390
Income tax (benefit) expense on reclassification adjustment for losses (gains)	1,097,077	36,603	470,860
Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Member]
Net investment gains (losses)	(5,224,178)	(174,302)	(2,242,190)
Income tax expense (benefit)	$ 1,097,077	$ 36,603	$ 470,860

- Definition

Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 220
-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 4
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147476153/220-40-55-4

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 220
-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 21
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147476153/220-40-55-21

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 220
-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 14
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147476153/220-40-55-14

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480738/235-10-S50-1

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 270
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (i)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482964/270-10-50-1

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (ee)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 12
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-12

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 231
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482663/740-10-55-231

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
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-Section S99
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+ Details

Allowance for Expected Credit Losses - Held-to-Maturity Fixed-Maturity Securities (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Allowance for Expected Credit Losses [Abstract]
Balance at beginning of period	$ 705,713,916	$ 679,497,000
Balance at beginning of period	1,388,240	1,326,000
Current period change for expected credit losses	(75,000)	62,000
Balance at end of period	776,447,347	705,713,916
Balance at end of period	$ 1,312,903	$ 1,388,240

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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+ Details

Reconciliation of Statutory Filings to Amounts Reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Reconciliation of Statutory Filings to Amounts Reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements [Abstract]

Reconciliations of Statutory Net Income (Loss) and Capital and Surplus

Reconciliations of statutory net income (loss) and capital and surplus, as determined using SAP, to the net income and stockholders’ equity amounts included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements are as follows:

	Year Ended December 31,
	2025			2024			2023
Statutory net income (loss) of insurance subsidiaries	$	78,402,800		$	43,556,720		$	(2,312,857	)
Increases (decreases):
Deferred policy acquisition costs		(4,676,985	)		(1,696,437	)		1,873,174
Deferred federal income taxes		(188,935	)		481,744			(229,397	)
Salvage and subrogation recoverable		585,000			3,674,600			3,644,800
Consolidating eliminations and adjustments		(4,845,000	)		(9,024,921	)		(10,574,579	)
Parent-only net income		10,063,860			13,870,546			12,024,363
Net income	$	79,340,740		$	50,862,252		$	4,425,504

	December 31,
	2025			2024			2023
Statutory capital and surplus of insurance subsidiaries	$	585,989,170		$	508,936,244		$	463,674,289
Increases (decreases):
Deferred policy acquisition costs		68,669,982			73,346,967			75,043,404
Deferred federal income taxes		(17,425,614	)		(13,302,370	)		(13,072,768	)
Salvage and subrogation recoverable		36,610,600			36,025,600			32,351,000
Non-admitted assets and other adjustments, net		1,893,396			1,722,807			1,328,142
Fixed maturities		(11,733,641	)		(33,993,851	)		(41,036,366	)
Parent-only equity and other adjustments		(23,585,814	)		(26,959,266	)		(38,542,347	)
Stockholders’ equity	$	640,418,079		$	545,776,131		$	479,745,354

Allowance for Expected Credit Losses - Reinsurance Receivable (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Allowance for Expected Credit Losses [Abstract]
Balance at beginning of period	$ 420,741,855	$ 441,431,000
Balance at beginning of period	391,432	1,394,000
Current period change for expected credit losses	(16,000)	(1,003,000)
Balance at end of period	398,582,136	420,741,855
Balance at end of period	$ 374,883	$ 391,432

- Definition

Amount, after valuation allowance, recoverable under reinsurance contracts. Examples include, but are not limited to, settled and unsettled claims, incurred but not reported losses, loss adjustment expense, policy benefits and policy reserves. Excludes premiums paid under reinsurance contracts.

+ References + Details

Transactions with Affiliates - Schedule of Reinsurance Ceded to Donegal Mutual Pursuant to Quota-Share Reinsurance Agreements (Details) - Donegal Mutual [Member] - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Transactions with Affiliates [Abstract]
Premiums earned	$ (32,160)	$ 19,517	$ 168,243
Losses and loss expenses	2,383,014	(3,095,130)	2,902,422
Liability for losses and loss expenses	$ 8,814,047	$ 10,450,447	$ 17,852,153

Reinsurance - Total Ceded Reinsurance Transactions with both Affiliated and Unaffiliated Reinsurers (Details) - Affiliated Entity and Unaffiliated Entity [Member] - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Reinsurance [Abstract]
Premiums earned	$ 405,133,479	$ 411,032,074	$ 388,073,427
Losses and loss expenses	202,503,757	214,853,176	275,171,587
Prepaid reinsurance premiums	171,083,219	176,161,872	168,724,466
Liability for losses and loss expenses	$ 395,229,241	$ 417,012,858	$ 437,013,974

- Definition

Amount of earned premiums ceded to other entities.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 944
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-Paragraph 14
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479032/944-605-50-1

+ Details

Statutory Net Income, Capital and Surplus and Dividend Restrictions

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Statutory Net Income, Capital and Surplus and Dividend Restrictions [Abstract]

Statutory Net Income, Capital and Surplus and Dividend Restrictions

14 - Statutory Net Income, Capital and Surplus and Dividend Restrictions

The following table presents selected information, as filed with state insurance regulatory authorities, for our insurance subsidiaries as determined in accordance with accounting practices prescribed or permitted by such insurance regulatory authorities:

	2025			2024			2023
Atlantic States:
Statutory capital and surplus	$	362,819,553		$	316,926,609		$	273,626,140
Statutory unassigned surplus		254,629,111			209,677,754			167,301,333
Statutory net income		50,777,668			40,741,454			7,193,716
MICO:
Statutory capital and surplus		84,874,639			74,616,370			71,608,571
Statutory unassigned surplus		62,848,338			52,590,070			49,582,271
Statutory net income		10,179,273			7,822,780			3,298,940
Peninsula:
Statutory capital and surplus		53,951,090			47,342,601			50,398,403
Statutory unassigned surplus		32,141,891			29,033,401			32,089,203
Statutory net income		3,300,002			2,140,162			4,121,754
Southern:
Statutory capital and surplus		84,343,888			70,050,664			68,041,175
Statutory unassigned surplus		(2,604,889	)		(16,898,113	)		(8,907,602	)
Statutory net income (loss)		14,145,857			(7,147,676	)		(16,927,267	)

We rely on dividends from our insurance subsidiaries as a significant source of cash for payment of dividends to our stockholders. State insurance laws require our insurance subsidiaries to maintain certain minimum capital and surplus amounts on a statutory basis. Our insurance subsidiaries are subject to regulations that restrict the payment of dividends from statutory surplus and may require prior approval of their domiciliary insurance regulatory authorities. Our insurance subsidiaries are also subject to risk-based capital (“RBC”) requirements that may further impact their ability to pay dividends. Our insurance subsidiaries’ statutory capital and surplus at December 31, 2025 exceeded the amount of statutory capital and surplus necessary to satisfy regulatory requirements, including the RBC requirements, by a significant margin. Amounts available for distribution to us as dividends from our insurance subsidiaries without prior approval of insurance regulatory authorities in 2026 are approximately $50.8 million from Atlantic States, $10.2 million from MICO and $5.4 million from Peninsula, or a total of approximately $66.4 million.

Earnings Per Share (Details)	12 Months Ended
Earnings Per Share (Details)	Dec. 31, 2025
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Minimum percentage of class A common stock declared dividend excess over class B dividend	10.00%

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net income	$ 79,340,740	$ 50,862,252	$ 4,425,504
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, amortization and other non-cash items	3,075,115	3,873,161	4,326,446
Net investment gains	(619,342)	(4,981,072)	(3,172,807)
Changes in Assets and Liabilities:
Losses and loss expenses	(20,935,113)	(5,171,788)	5,111,080
Unearned premiums	(21,435,617)	13,064,600	21,758,338
Accrued expenses	(695,905)	(1,030,269)	(279,416)
Premiums receivable	302,601	(1,514,698)	(5,745,527)
Deferred policy acquisition costs	4,676,985	1,696,437	(1,873,174)
Deferred income taxes	188,935	(481,743)	229,397
Reinsurance receivable	22,159,719	20,689,479	13,959,053
Accrued investment income	(552,276)	(416,245)	(1,084,422)
Amounts due from affiliate	5,110,902	(6,502,563)	(7,080,816)
Reinsurance balances payable	(861,296)	(4,413,550)	5,263,152
Prepaid reinsurance premiums	5,078,653	(7,437,407)	(8,133,066)
Current income taxes	(4,384,137)	8,458,424	408,576
Other, net	(250,498)	745,019	511,426
Net adjustments	(9,141,274)	16,577,785	24,198,240
Net cash provided by operating activities	70,199,466	67,440,037	28,623,744
Purchases of fixed maturities:
Held to maturity	(115,295,761)	(56,707,019)	(25,226,609)
Available for sale	(343,036,018)	(147,736,805)	(150,423,864)
Purchases of equity securities	(2,512,570)	(8,697,500)	(5,128,994)
Sales of fixed maturities:
Available for sale	189,710,482	7,184,635	28,154,556
Maturity of fixed maturities:
Held to maturity	43,456,162	30,548,257	32,923,991
Available for sale	148,552,675	116,612,046	58,277,402
Sales of equity securities	2,145,314	3,010,413	19,745,875
Net (purchases) sales of property and equipment	(425)	743	(44,701)
Net (purchases) sales of short-term investments	(14,153,597)	7,746,664	25,015,703
Net cash used in investing activities	(91,133,738)	(48,038,566)	(16,706,641)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Issuance of common stock	20,468,239	32,433,403	8,645,530
Cash dividends paid	(25,674,053)	(22,701,216)	(21,893,692)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	(5,205,814)	9,732,187	(13,248,162)
Net (decrease) increase in cash	(26,140,086)	29,133,658	(1,331,059)
Cash at beginning of year	52,925,931	23,792,273	25,123,332
Cash at end of year	$ 26,785,845	$ 52,925,931	$ 23,792,273

Earnings Per Share - Reconciliation of Numerators and Denominators Used in Basic and Diluted Per Share Computations (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Class A Common Stock [Member]
Numerator:
Allocation of net income (in Dollars)	$ 68,150	$ 43,178	$ 3,788
Allocation of net income (in Dollars) (in Dollars)	$ 68,150	$ 43,178	$ 3,788
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares outstanding (in Shares)	30,744	28,155	27,469
Number of shares used in diluted computation (in Shares)	31,246	28,246	27,563
Basic earnings per share (in Dollars per share)	$ 2.22	$ 1.53	$ 0.14
Diluted earnings per share (in Dollars per share)	$ 2.18	$ 1.53	$ 0.14
Numerator:
Allocation of net income (in Dollars)	$ 68,150	$ 43,178	$ 3,788
Denominator:
Number of shares used in basic computation (in Shares)	30,744	28,155	27,469
Director and employee stock options (in Shares)	502	91	94
Number of shares used in diluted computation (in Shares)	31,246	28,246	27,563
Diluted earnings per share (in Dollars per share)	$ 2.18	$ 1.53	$ 0.14
Class B Common Stock [Member]
Numerator:
Allocation of net income (in Dollars)	$ 11,191	$ 7,684	$ 638
Allocation of net income (in Dollars) (in Dollars)	$ 11,191	$ 7,684	$ 638
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares outstanding (in Shares)	5,577	5,577	5,577
Number of shares used in diluted computation (in Shares)	5,577	5,577	5,577
Basic earnings per share (in Dollars per share)	$ 2.01	$ 1.38	$ 0.11
Diluted earnings per share (in Dollars per share)	$ 2.01	$ 1.38	$ 0.11
Numerator:
Allocation of net income (in Dollars)	$ 11,191	$ 7,684	$ 638
Denominator:
Number of shares used in basic computation (in Shares)	5,577	5,577	5,577
Number of shares used in diluted computation (in Shares)	5,577	5,577	5,577
Diluted earnings per share (in Dollars per share)	$ 2.01	$ 1.38	$ 0.11

Stock Compensation Plans (Details)					12 Months Ended
Stock Compensation Plans (Details)	Jan. 01, 2026 Installments $ / shares shares	Jan. 02, 2025 shares	Jan. 02, 2024 shares	Jan. 03, 2023 shares	Dec. 31, 2025 USD ($) shares	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2021 shares
Stock Compensation Plans [Abstract]
Compensation expense in stock compensation plans (in Dollars) \| $					$ 1,000,000	$ 980,911	$ 876,569
Income tax benefit of stock compensation plans (in Dollars) \| $					210,355	205,991	184,079
Unrecognized compensation expense related to nonvested share-based compensation granted under the plan (in Dollars) \| $					$ 794,210	1,800,000
Weighted average period of unrecognized compensation expense					1 year 2 months 12 days
Cash from option exercises (in Dollars) \| $					$ 18,900,000	30,700,000	6,800,000
Tax benefit for tax deductions from option exercises (in Dollars) \| $					$ 1,300,000	$ 370,644	$ 139,135
Restricted Stock Units [Member]
Stock Compensation Plans [Abstract]
Shares available for future option grants (in Shares)					0
Subsequent Event [Member] \| Restricted Stock Units [Member]
Stock Compensation Plans [Abstract]
Number of equal annual installments (in Installments) \| Installments	3
Equity Incentive Plan [Member]
Stock Compensation Plans [Abstract]
Restricted shares issued to directors (in Shares)						500
Shares available for future option grants (in Shares)					4,104,500
Weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted (in Dollars per share) \| $ / shares						$ 1.41	$ 1.51
Fair value of risk-free interest rate						4.35%	4.12%
Expected life						3 years	3 years
Expected volatility						16.00%	20.00%
Expected dividend yield						4.40%	5.00%
Equity Incentive Plan [Member] \| Restricted Stock [Member]
Stock Compensation Plans [Abstract]
Shares issued (in Shares)		8,000	8,500	8,500
Equity Incentive Plan [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Stock Compensation Plans [Abstract]
Exercisable period of stock options					10 years
Equity Incentive Plan [Member] \| Class A Common Stock [Member]
Stock Compensation Plans [Abstract]
Common stock available for issuance to employees of subsidiaries and affiliates under identical plan (in Shares)						4,500,000
Common stock available for issuance to directors and those of the subsidiaries and affiliates under identical plan (in Shares)						500,000
Employee Stock Purchase Plan [Member]
Stock Compensation Plans [Abstract]
Exercisable period of stock options					10 years
Number of shares available for issuance (in Shares)								500,000
Employee Stock Purchase Plan [Member] \| Subsequent Event [Member]
Stock Compensation Plans [Abstract]
Shares available for future option grants (in Shares)	256,385
Shares issued (in Shares)	22,283
Shares issued price (in Dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 16.98
Employee Stock Purchase Plan [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Stock Compensation Plans [Abstract]
Percentage of purchase price of shares					85.00%	85.00%
Agency Stock Purchase Plan [Member]
Stock Compensation Plans [Abstract]
Number of shares available for issuance (in Shares)								500,000
Percentage of purchase price of shares						90.00%
Number of trading days of subscription period						10 days
Agency Stock Purchase Plan [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Stock Compensation Plans [Abstract]
Investment on per subscription (in Dollars) \| $						$ 12,000
New Plan [Member]
Stock Compensation Plans [Abstract]
Shares issued (in Shares)						81,180	86,469
Number of shares available for issuance (in Shares)						500,000
Agency Stock Purchase Plan 2024 [Member]
Stock Compensation Plans [Abstract]
Shares issued (in Shares)					49,200
Shares available for future option grants (in Shares)					450,800

Reconciliation of Statutory Filings to Amounts Reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements - Reconciliations of Statutory Net Income (Loss) and Capital and Surplus (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Reconciliation of Statutory Filings to Amounts Reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements [Abstract]
Statutory net income (loss) of insurance subsidiaries	$ 78,402,800	$ 43,556,720	$ (2,312,857)
Increases (decreases):
Deferred policy acquisition costs	(4,676,985)	(1,696,437)	1,873,174
Deferred federal income taxes	(188,935)	481,744	(229,397)
Salvage and subrogation recoverable	585,000	3,674,600	3,644,800
Consolidating eliminations and adjustments	(4,845,000)	(9,024,921)	(10,574,579)
Parent-only net income	10,063,860	13,870,546	12,024,363
Net income	79,340,740	50,862,252	4,425,504
Statutory capital and surplus of insurance subsidiaries	585,989,170	508,936,244	463,674,289
Increases (decreases):
Deferred policy acquisition costs	68,669,982	73,346,967	75,043,404	$ 73,170,230
Deferred federal income taxes	(17,425,614)	(13,302,370)	(13,072,768)
Salvage and subrogation recoverable	36,610,600	36,025,600	32,351,000
Non-admitted assets and other adjustments, net	1,893,396	1,722,807	1,328,142
Fixed maturities	(11,733,641)	(33,993,851)	(41,036,366)
Parent-only equity and other adjustments	(23,585,814)	(26,959,266)	(38,542,347)
Stockholders’ equity	$ 640,418,079	$ 545,776,131	$ 479,745,354	$ 483,593,012

Reinsurance (Details) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Reinsurance (Details) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2025 USD ($) InsuranceCoverage
Reinsurance [Abstract]
Number of reinsurance coverages (in InsuranceCoverage) \| InsuranceCoverage	30
Percentage of reinsurer coverage	17.00%
Donegal Mutual [Member]
Reinsurance [Abstract]
Maximum amount of loss coverage under reinsurance agreement of property catastrophe	$ 22.0
Catastrophe reinsurance, set retention amount	$ 3.0
Percentage of accumulation of losses	100.00%
Additional coverage amount	$ 6.0
Third Party Reinsurance [Member]
Reinsurance [Abstract]
Maximum amount of loss coverage under reinsurance agreement of property catastrophe	200.0
Catastrophe reinsurance, set retention amount	$ 25.0
Percentage of accumulation of losses	100.00%
Property Insurance [Member]
Reinsurance [Abstract]
Maximum amount of loss coverage under reinsurance agreement of property catastrophe	$ 36.0
Catastrophe reinsurance, set retention amount	4.0
Liability Insurance [Member]
Reinsurance [Abstract]
Maximum amount of loss coverage under reinsurance agreement of property catastrophe	69.0
Catastrophe reinsurance, set retention amount	6.0
Liability Insurance [Member] \| Donegal Mutual [Member]
Reinsurance [Abstract]
Maximum amount of loss coverage under reinsurance agreement of property catastrophe	3.0
Catastrophe reinsurance, set retention amount	$ 3.0
Percentage of accumulation of losses	100.00%
Workers' Compensation Insurance [Member]
Reinsurance [Abstract]
Maximum amount of loss coverage under reinsurance agreement of property catastrophe	$ 17.0
Catastrophe reinsurance, set retention amount	$ 3.0

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parentheticals) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Held to maturity, fair value	$ 731,659,323	$ 631,568,929
Held to maturity, allowance for expected credit losses	1,312,903	1,388,240
Available for sale, amortized cost	650,370,011	652,564,965
Reinsurance receivable, allowance for expected credit losses	$ 374,883	$ 391,432
Preferred stock, par value (in Dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in Shares)	2,000,000	2,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in Shares)	0	0
Class A Common Stock [Member]
Common stock, par value (in Dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized (in Shares)	50,000,000	50,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in Shares)	34,385,129	32,954,347
Common stock, shares outstanding (in Shares)	31,382,541	29,951,759
Class B Common Stock [Member]
Common stock, par value (in Dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized (in Shares)	10,000,000	10,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in Shares)	5,649,240	5,649,240
Common stock, shares outstanding (in Shares)	5,576,775	5,576,775

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	12 Months Ended
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Dec. 31, 2025
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Organization and Business Donegal Mutual Insurance Company (“Donegal Mutual”) organized us as an insurance holding company on August 26, 1986. Our insurance subsidiaries are Atlantic States Insurance Company (“Atlantic States”), Michigan Insurance Company (“MICO”), the Peninsula Insurance Group (“Peninsula”), which consists of The Peninsula Insurance Company and its wholly owned subsidiary Peninsula Indemnity Company, and Southern Insurance Company of Virginia (“Southern”). Our insurance subsidiaries and their affiliates write commercial and personal lines of property and casualty coverages exclusively through a network of independent insurance agents in certain Mid-Atlantic, Midwestern, Southern and Southwestern states. At December 31, 2025, we had three segments: our investment function, our commercial lines of insurance and our personal lines of insurance. The commercial lines products of our insurance subsidiaries consist primarily of commercial automobile, commercial multi-peril and workers’ compensation policies. The personal lines products of our insurance subsidiaries consist primarily of homeowners and private passenger automobile policies. At December 31, 2025, Donegal Mutual held approximately 44% of our outstanding Class A common stock and approximately 85% of our outstanding Class B common stock. This ownership provides Donegal Mutual with approximately 70% of the total voting power of our common stock. Our insurance subsidiaries and Donegal Mutual have interrelated operations due to a pooling agreement and other intercompany agreements and transactions. While each company maintains its separate corporate existence, our insurance subsidiaries and Donegal Mutual conduct business together as the Donegal Insurance Group. As such, Donegal Mutual and our insurance subsidiaries share the same business philosophy, the same management, the same employees and the same facilities and offer the same types of insurance products. Atlantic States, our largest subsidiary, participates in a proportional reinsurance agreement (the “pooling agreement”) with Donegal Mutual. Under the pooling agreement, Donegal Mutual and Atlantic States contribute substantially all of their respective premiums, losses and loss expenses to the underwriting pool, and the underwriting pool, acting through Donegal Mutual, then allocates 80% of the pooled business to Atlantic States. Thus, Donegal Mutual and Atlantic States share the underwriting results of the pooled business in proportion to their respective participation in the underwriting pool. In addition, Donegal Mutual has a 100% quota-share reinsurance agreement with Southern Mutual Insurance Company (“Southern Mutual”). Donegal Mutual places its assumed business from Southern Mutual into the underwriting pool. Donegal Mutual also has a 100% quota-share reinsurance agreement with Mountain States Indemnity Company and Mountain States Commercial Insurance Company (collectively, the “Mountain States insurance subsidiaries”). Donegal Mutual places its assumed business from the Mountain States insurance subsidiaries into the underwriting pool. The same executive management and underwriting personnel administer products, classes of business underwritten, pricing practices and underwriting standards of Donegal Mutual and our insurance subsidiaries. In addition, as the Donegal Insurance Group, Donegal Mutual and our insurance subsidiaries share a combined business plan to achieve market penetration and underwriting profitability objectives. The products our insurance subsidiaries and Donegal Mutual market are generally complementary, thereby allowing the Donegal Insurance Group to offer a broader range of products to a given market and to expand the Donegal Insurance Group’s ability to service an entire personal lines or commercial lines account. Distinctions within the products of Donegal Mutual and our insurance subsidiaries generally allow the individual companies to manage certain risk segments through variations in coverage, terms and pricing. Therefore, the underwriting profitability of the business the individual companies write directly will vary. However, the underwriting pool homogenizes the risk characteristics of all business that Donegal Mutual and Atlantic States write directly. The business Atlantic States derives from the underwriting pool represents a significant percentage of our total consolidated revenues. We refer to Note 3 - Transactions with Affiliates for more information regarding the pooling agreement. In September 2025, Donegal Mutual and Southern entered into a renewal rights agreement with an affiliate of a farm-focused Pennsylvania-based mutual insurance group to provide a continuation option for their farm policyholders when they begin to non-renew all farm policies as they expire beginning in the second quarter of 2026. Donegal Mutual and Southern determined that the costs required to modernize the legacy farm product and systems were higher than the projected return on investment for this non-core line of business that represents approximately $6 million in premiums. None of our other insurance subsidiaries offered farm policies. We currently include farm policies within other commercial lines in our line of business reporting. Basis of Consolidation Our consolidated financial statements, which we have prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), include our accounts and those of our wholly owned subsidiaries. We have eliminated all significant inter-company accounts and transactions in consolidation. The terms “we,” “us,” “our” or the “Company” as we use them in the notes to our consolidated financial statements refer to the consolidated entity. Use of Estimates In preparing our consolidated financial statements, our management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the balance sheet and revenues and expenses for the period then ended. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. We make estimates and assumptions that could have a significant effect on amounts and disclosures we report in our consolidated financial statements. The most significant estimates relate to our insurance subsidiaries’ reserves for property and casualty insurance unpaid losses and loss expenses. While we believe our estimates and the estimates of our insurance subsidiaries are appropriate, the ultimate amounts may differ from the estimates provided. We regularly review our methods for making these estimates as well as the continuing appropriateness of the estimated amounts, and we reflect any adjustment we consider necessary in our current results of operations. Reclassification We have made certain reclassifications in our prior period financial statements to conform to the current year presentation. Investments We classify our debt securities into the following categories: Held to Maturity - Debt securities that we have the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity; reported at amortized cost. Available for Sale - Debt securities not classified as held to maturity; reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses excluded from income and reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity (net of tax effects). Short-term investments are carried at amortized cost, which approximates fair value. We make estimates concerning the valuation of our investments and, as applicable, the recognition of declines in the value of our investments. For equity securities, we measure investments at fair value, and we recognize changes in fair value in our results of operations. With respect to an available-for-sale debt security that is in an unrealized loss position, we first assess if we intend to sell the debt security. If we determine we intend to sell the debt security, we recognize the impairment loss in our results of operations. If we do not intend to sell the debt security, we determine whether it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the debt security prior to recovery. If we determine it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the debt security prior to recovery, we recognize the impairment loss in our results of operations. If we determine it is more likely than not that we will not be required to sell the debt security prior to recovery, we then evaluate whether a credit loss has occurred with respect to that security. We determine whether a credit loss has occurred by comparing the amortized cost of the debt security to the present value of the cash flows we expect to collect. If we expect a cash flow shortfall, we consider that a credit loss has occurred. If we determine that a credit loss has occurred, we establish an allowance for credit loss. We then recognize the amount of the allowance in our results of operations, and we recognize the remaining portion of the impairment loss in our other comprehensive income, net of applicable taxes. We regularly review the allowance for credit losses and recognize changes in the allowance in our results of operations. In addition, we may write down securities in an unrealized loss position based on a number of other factors, including when the fair value of an investment is significantly below its cost, when the financial condition of the issuer of a security has deteriorated, the occurrence of industry, issuer or geographic events that have negatively impacted the value of a security and rating agency downgrades. For held-to-maturity debt securities, we make estimates concerning expected credit losses at an aggregated level rather than monitoring individual debt securities for credit losses. We establish an allowance for expected credit losses based on an ongoing review of securities held, historical loss data, changes in issuer credit standing and other relevant factors. We utilize a probability-of-default methodology, which reflects current and forecasted economic conditions, to estimate the allowance for expected credit losses and recognize changes to the allowance in our results of operations. We amortize premiums and discounts on debt securities over the life of the security as an adjustment to yield using the effective interest method. We compute investment gains and losses using the specific identification method. We amortize premiums and discounts for mortgage-backed debt securities using anticipated prepayments. Fair Values of Financial Instruments We use the following methods and assumptions in estimating our fair value disclosures: Investments - We present our investments in available-for-sale fixed maturity and equity securities at estimated fair value. The estimated fair value of a security may differ from the amount that we could realize if we sold the security in a forced transaction. In addition, the valuation of fixed maturity investments is more subjective when markets are less liquid, increasing the potential that the estimated fair value does not reflect the price at which an actual transaction would occur. We utilize nationally recognized independent pricing services to estimate fair values for our fixed maturity and equity investments. We generally obtain two prices per security. The pricing services utilize market quotations for fixed maturity and equity securities that have quoted prices in active markets. For fixed maturity securities that generally do not trade on a daily basis, the pricing services prepare estimates of fair value measurements based predominantly on observable market inputs. The pricing services do not use broker quotes in determining the fair values of our investments. Our investment personnel review the estimates of fair value the pricing services provide to determine if the estimates we obtain are representative of fair values based upon the general knowledge of our investment personnel of the market, their research findings related to unusual fluctuations in value and their comparison of such values to execution prices for similar securities. Our investment personnel monitor the market and are familiar with current trading ranges for similar securities and the pricing of specific investments. Our investment personnel review all pricing estimates that we receive from the pricing services against their expectations with respect to pricing based on fair market curves, security ratings, coupon rates, security type and recent trading activity. Our investment personnel review documentation with respect to the pricing services’ pricing methodology that they obtain periodically to determine if the primary pricing sources, market inputs and pricing frequency for various security types are reasonable. We refer to Note 5 - Fair Value Measurements for more information regarding our methods and assumptions in estimating fair values. Cash and Short-Term Investments - The carrying amounts we report in the balance sheet for these instruments approximate their fair values. Premiums and Reinsurance Receivables and Payables - The carrying amounts we report in the balance sheet for these instruments related to premiums and paid losses and loss expenses approximate their fair values. Revenue Recognition Our insurance subsidiaries recognize insurance premiums as income over the terms of the policies they issue. Our insurance subsidiaries calculate unearned premiums on a daily pro-rata basis. Policy Acquisition Costs We defer our insurance subsidiaries’ policy acquisition costs, consisting primarily of commissions, premium taxes and certain other underwriting costs, reduced by ceding commissions, related directly to the successful acquisition of new or renewal insurance contracts. We amortize these deferred policy acquisition costs over the period in which our insurance subsidiaries earn the premiums. The method we follow in computing deferred policy acquisition costs limits the amount of such deferred costs to their estimated realizable value, which gives effect to the premium to be earned, related investment income, losses and loss expenses and certain other costs we expect to incur as our insurance subsidiaries earn the premium. Estimates in the calculation of policy acquisition costs have not shown material variability because of uncertainties in applying accounting principles or as a result of sensitivities to changes in key assumptions. Property and Equipment We report property and equipment at depreciated cost that we compute using the straight-line method based upon estimated useful lives of the assets. Losses and Loss Expenses Liabilities for losses and loss expenses are estimates at a given point in time of the amounts an insurer expects to pay with respect to incurred policyholder claims based on facts and circumstances the insurer knows at that point in time. For example, legislative, judicial and regulatory actions may expand coverage definitions, retroactively mandate coverage or otherwise require our insurance subsidiaries to pay losses for damages that their policies explicitly excluded or did not intend to cover. At the time of establishing its estimates, an insurer recognizes that its ultimate liability for losses and loss expenses will exceed or be less than such estimates. Our insurance subsidiaries base their estimates of liabilities for losses and loss expenses on assumptions as to future loss trends, expected claims severity, judicial theories of liability and other factors. However, during the loss adjustment period, our insurance subsidiaries may learn additional facts regarding individual claims, and, consequently, it often becomes necessary for our insurance subsidiaries to refine and adjust their estimates for these liabilities. We reflect any adjustments to the liabilities for losses and loss expenses of our insurance subsidiaries in our consolidated results of operations in the period in which our insurance subsidiaries make adjustments to their estimates. Our insurance subsidiaries maintain liabilities for the payment of losses and loss expenses with respect to both reported and unreported claims. Our insurance subsidiaries establish these liabilities for the purpose of covering the ultimate costs of settling all losses, including investigation and litigation costs. Our insurance subsidiaries base the amount of their liability for reported losses primarily upon a case-by-case evaluation of the type of risk involved, knowledge of the circumstances surrounding each claim and the insurance policy provisions relating to the type of loss the policyholder incurred. Our insurance subsidiaries determine the amount of their liability for unreported claims and loss expenses on the basis of historical information by line of insurance. Our insurance subsidiaries account for inflation in the reserving function through analysis of costs and trends and reviews of historical reserving results. Our insurance subsidiaries monitor their liabilities closely and recompute them periodically using new information on reported claims and a variety of statistical techniques. Our insurance subsidiaries do not discount their liabilities for losses and loss expenses. Reserve estimates can change over time because of unexpected changes in assumptions related to our insurance subsidiaries’ external environment and, to a lesser extent, assumptions related to our insurance subsidiaries’ internal operations. For example, our insurance subsidiaries have experienced an increase in claims severity and a lengthening of the claim settlement periods on bodily injury claims during the past several years. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic and related government mandates and restrictions resulted in various changes from historical claims reporting and settlement trends during 2020 and resulted in significant increases in loss costs in subsequent years due to a number of factors, including supply chain disruption, higher new and used automobile values, increases in the cost of replacement automobile parts and rising labor rates. These trend changes caused significant disruption to historical loss patterns and give rise to greater uncertainty as to the pattern of future loss settlements. Related uncertainties regarding future trends include social inflation, availability and cost of replacement automobile parts and building materials, availability and cost of skilled labor, the rate of specialized plaintiff attorney involvement in claims, increasing plaintiff attorney utilization of litigation financing and its impact on litigation strategies and the cost of medical technologies and procedures. Assumptions related to our insurance subsidiaries’ external environment include the absence of significant changes in tort law and the legal environment that increase liability exposure, consistency in judicial interpretations of insurance coverage and policy provisions and the rate of loss cost inflation. Internal assumptions include consistency in the recording of premium and loss statistics, consistency in the recording of claims, payment and case reserving methodology, accurate measurement of the impact of rate changes and changes in policy provisions, consistency in the quality and characteristics of business written within a given line of business and consistency in reinsurance coverage and collectability of reinsured losses, among other items. To the extent our insurance subsidiaries determine that underlying factors impacting their assumptions have changed, our insurance subsidiaries make adjustments in their reserves that they consider appropriate for such changes. Accordingly, our insurance subsidiaries’ ultimate liability for unpaid losses and loss expenses will likely differ from the amount recorded at December 31, 2025. Our insurance subsidiaries seek to enhance their underwriting results by carefully selecting the product lines they underwrite. Our insurance subsidiaries’ personal lines products primarily include standard and preferred risks in private passenger automobile and homeowners lines. Our insurance subsidiaries’ commercial lines products primarily include business offices, wholesalers, service providers, contractors, artisans and light manufacturing operations. Our insurance subsidiaries have limited exposure to asbestos and other environmental liabilities. Income Taxes We currently file a consolidated federal income tax return that includes us and our insurance subsidiaries. We account for income taxes using the asset and liability method. The objective of the asset and liability method is to establish deferred tax assets and liabilities for the temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of our assets and liabilities at enacted tax rates we expect to be in effect when we realize or settle such amounts. Credit Risk Our objective is to earn competitive returns by investing in a diversified portfolio of securities. Our portfolio of fixed maturity securities and, to a lesser extent, short-term investments is subject to credit risk. We define this risk as the potential loss in fair value resulting from adverse changes in the borrower’s ability to repay its debt to us. We manage this risk by performing an analysis of prospective investments and through regular reviews of our portfolio by our investment personnel. We also limit the amount of our total investment portfolio that we invest in any one security. Our insurance subsidiaries provide property and liability insurance coverages through independent insurance agencies located throughout their operating areas. Our insurance subsidiaries bill the majority of this business directly to their policyholders, although our insurance subsidiaries bill a portion of their commercial business through their agents, to whom they extend credit in the normal course of business. Our insurance subsidiaries have reinsurance agreements with Donegal Mutual and with a number of major unaffiliated reinsurers. Reinsurance Accounting and Reporting Our insurance subsidiaries rely upon reinsurance agreements to limit their maximum net loss from large single risks or risks in concentrated areas and to increase their capacity to write insurance. Reinsurance does not relieve our insurance subsidiaries from liability to their respective policyholders. To the extent that a reinsurer cannot pay losses for which it is liable under the terms of a reinsurance agreement with one or more of our insurance subsidiaries, our insurance subsidiaries retain continued liability for such losses. However, in an effort to reduce the risk of non-payment, our insurance subsidiaries require all of their reinsurers to have an A.M. Best rating of A- or better or, with respect to foreign reinsurers, to have a financial condition that, in the opinion of our management, is equivalent to a company with an A.M. Best rating of A- or better. We refer to Note 10 - Reinsurance for more information regarding the reinsurance agreements of our insurance subsidiaries. We report reinsurance receivable net of an allowance for expected credit losses. We establish an allowance for expected credit losses based upon our ongoing review of amounts outstanding, historical loss data, changes in reinsurer credit standing and other relevant factors. We utilize a probability-of-default methodology, which reflects current and forecasted economic conditions, to estimate the allowance for expected credit losses and recognize changes to the allowance in our results of operations. Stock-Based Compensation We measure all share-based payments to our directors and the directors and employees of our subsidiaries and affiliates, including grants of stock options, using a fair-value-based method and record such expense in our results of operations. In determining the expense we record for stock options we grant to our directors and the directors and employees of our subsidiaries and affiliates, we estimate the fair value of each option award on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The significant assumptions we utilize in applying the Black-Scholes option pricing model are the risk-free interest rate, expected term, dividend yield and expected volatility. In 2025, 2024 and 2023, we realized $1,271,177, $370,644 and $139,135, respectively, in tax benefits upon the exercise of stock options. Earnings Per Share We calculate basic earnings per share by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share reflects the dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock. We have two classes of common stock, which we refer to as Class A common stock and Class B common stock. Our Class A common stock is entitled to the declaration and payment of cash dividends that are at least 10% higher than those we declare and pay on our Class B common stock. Accordingly, we use the two-class method for the computation of earnings per common share. The two-class method is an earnings allocation formula that determines earnings per share separately for each class of common stock based on dividends declared and an allocation of remaining undistributed earnings using a participation percentage that reflects the dividend rights of each class. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the underlying fair value of acquired entities. When completing acquisitions, we seek also to identify separately identifiable intangible assets that we have acquired. We assess goodwill and intangible assets with an indefinite useful life for impairment annually. We also assess goodwill and other intangible assets for impairment upon the occurrence of certain events. In making our assessment, we consider a number of factors including operating results, business plans, economic projections, anticipated future cash flows and current market data. Inherent uncertainties exist with respect to these factors and to our judgment in applying them when we make our assessment. Impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets could result from changes in economic and operating conditions in future periods.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details)		12 Months Ended
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details)	Sep. 09, 2025 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2025 USD ($) Segment	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Number of operating segments (in Segment) \| Segment		3
Premiums and losses related to certain products		67.00%	65.30%	66.20%
Premiums ceded to other party (in Dollars)	$ 6,000,000	$ 400,054,828	$ 418,469,480	$ 396,206,492
Tax benefit for tax deductions related to option exercises (in Dollars)		$ 1,271,177	$ 370,644	$ 139,135
Minimum percentage of class A common stock declared dividend excess over class B dividend		10.00%
Atlantic States [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Percentage of share in results of pooled business subsidiary		80.00%
Donegal Mutual Insurance Company [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Voting power percentage of outstanding common stock		70.00%
Premiums and losses related to certain products		100.00%
Class A Common Stock [Member] \| Donegal Mutual Insurance Company [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Stock ownership percentage held by major shareholder		44.00%
Class B Common Stock [Member] \| Donegal Mutual Insurance Company [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Stock ownership percentage held by major shareholder		85.00%

Transactions with Affiliates - Schedule of Reinsurance Atlantic States Ceded to Pool (Details) - Affiliated Entity [Member] - Atlantic States [Member] - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Transactions with Affiliates [Abstract]
Premiums earned	$ 358,244,537	$ 358,062,827	$ 332,272,662
Losses and loss expenses	201,642,149	201,030,943	238,055,099
Prepaid reinsurance premiums	164,949,115	169,621,545	161,991,511
Liability for losses and loss expenses	$ 297,962,299	$ 297,955,741	$ 299,947,390

- Definition

Amount of earned premiums ceded to other entities.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 605
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 14
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477548/944-605-55-14

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 605
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 11
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477548/944-605-55-11

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 605
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 15
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477548/944-605-55-15

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 605
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 12
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477548/944-605-55-12

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479838/944-20-50-1

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 605
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478832/944-605-45-1

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 944
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-Subparagraph (a)
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+ Details

Segment Information - Financial Data by Segment (Details) - Operating Segments [Member] - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Revenues:
Net premiums earned	$ 921,184	$ 936,651	$ 882,071
Net investment income	52,627	44,918	40,853
Investment gains (losses)	619	4,981	3,173
Total segment revenues	974,430	986,550	926,097
Other	3,584	3,055	1,241
Total revenues	978,014	989,605	927,338
Segment expenses:
Net losses and loss expenses	564,371	608,271	612,071
Other underwriting expenses	305,280	312,742	306,803
Policyholder dividends	3,011	4,073	5,313
Total expenses	872,662	925,086	924,187
SAP underwriting income (loss)	48,522	11,565	(42,116)
GAAP adjustments	(5,849)	1,331	3,735
GAAP underwriting income (loss)	42,673	12,896	(38,381)
Other	1,674	(456)	(582)
Income before income tax expense	97,593	62,339	5,063
Investments [Member]
Revenues:
Net premiums earned	0	0	0
Net investment income	52,627	44,918	40,853
Investment gains (losses)	619	4,981	3,173
Total segment revenues	53,246	49,899	44,026
Segment expenses:
Net losses and loss expenses	0	0	0
Other underwriting expenses	0	0	0
Policyholder dividends	0	0	0
Total expenses	0	0	0
SAP underwriting income (loss)	0	0	0
Commercial Lines [Member]
Revenues:
Net premiums earned	555,873	539,683	533,029
Net investment income	0	0	0
Investment gains (losses)	0	0	0
Total segment revenues	555,873	539,683	533,029
Segment expenses:
Net losses and loss expenses	345,493	336,353	346,177
Other underwriting expenses	202,697	193,431	188,537
Policyholder dividends	3,011	4,073	5,313
Total expenses	551,201	533,857	540,027
SAP underwriting income (loss)	4,672	5,826	(6,998)
Personal Lines [Member]
Revenues:
Net premiums earned	365,311	396,968	349,042
Net investment income	0	0	0
Investment gains (losses)	0	0	0
Total segment revenues	365,311	396,968	349,042
Segment expenses:
Net losses and loss expenses	218,878	271,918	265,894
Other underwriting expenses	102,583	119,311	118,266
Policyholder dividends	0	0	0
Total expenses	321,461	391,229	384,160
SAP underwriting income (loss)	$ 43,850	$ 5,739	$ (35,118)

Segment Information

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Segment Information [Abstract]

Segment Information

18 - Segment Information

We have three reportable segments, which consist of our investment function, our commercial lines of insurance and our personal lines of insurance. Using independent agents, our insurance subsidiaries market commercial lines of insurance to small and medium-sized businesses and personal lines of insurance to individuals.

Our chief operating decision maker, which is our Chief Executive Officer, evaluates the performance of the commercial lines and personal lines primarily based upon our insurance subsidiaries’ underwriting results as determined under SAP. This segmentation is consistent with the segmentation we utilize to manage our business. We make resource allocation decisions based upon historical underwriting results as well as perceived opportunities for future profitable growth within each segment.

We operate only in the United States, and no single customer or agent provides 10 percent or more of our revenues.

Financial data by segment is as follows:

	2025
	Investments		Commercial Lines		Personal Lines		Total
	(in thousands)
Revenues:
Net premiums earned	$	—	$	555,873	$	365,311	$	921,184
Net investment income		52,627		—		—		52,627
Investment gains		619		—		—		619
Total segment revenues		53,246		555,873		365,311		974,430
Other								3,584
Total revenues							$	978,014
Segment expenses:
Net losses and loss expenses		—		345,493		218,878		564,371
Other underwriting expenses		—		202,697		102,583		305,280
Policyholder dividends		—		3,011		—		3,011
Total segment expenses		—		551,201		321,461		872,662
SAP underwriting income		—		4,672		43,850		48,522
GAAP adjustments								(5,849	)
GAAP underwriting income								42,673
Net investment income								52,627
Investment gains								619
Other								1,674
Income before income tax expense							$	97,593

	2024
	Investments		Commercial Lines		Personal Lines		Total
	(in thousands)
Revenues:
Net premiums earned	$	—	$	539,683	$	396,968	$	936,651
Net investment income		44,918		—		—		44,918
Investment gains		4,981		—		—		4,981
Total segment revenues		49,899		539,683		396,968		986,550
Other								3,055
Total revenues							$	989,605
Segment expenses:
Net losses and loss expenses		—		336,353		271,918		608,271
Other underwriting expenses		—		193,431		119,311		312,742
Policyholder dividends		—		4,073		—		4,073
Total segment expenses		—		533,857		391,229		925,086
SAP underwriting income		—		5,826		5,739		11,565
GAAP adjustments								1,331
GAAP underwriting income								12,896
Net investment income								44,918
Investment gains								4,981
Other								(456	)
Income before income tax expense							$	62,339

	2023
	Investments		Commercial Lines			Personal Lines			Total
	(in thousands)
Revenues:
Net premiums earned	$	—	$	533,029		$	349,042		$	882,071
Net investment income		40,853		—			—			40,853
Investment losses		3,173		—			—			3,173
Total segment revenues		44,026		533,029			349,042			926,097
Other										1,241
Total revenues									$	927,338
Segment expenses:
Net losses and loss expenses		—		346,177			265,894			612,071
Other underwriting expenses		—		188,537			118,266			306,803
Policyholder dividends		—		5,313			—			5,313
Total segment expenses		—		540,027			384,160			924,187
SAP underwriting loss		—		(6,998	)		(35,118	)		(42,116	)
GAAP adjustments										3,735
GAAP underwriting loss										(38,381	)
Net investment income										40,853
Investment gains										3,173
Other										(582	)
Income before income tax expense									$	5,063

- Definition

The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 21
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
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Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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+ Details

Borrowings - Interest (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Borrowings - Interest (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Borrowings [Abstract]
Interest	$ 1,350,601	$ 969,089	$ 618,519

Condensed Financial Information of Parent Company - Condensed Balance Sheets (Details) - Parent Company [Member] - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Assets
Investment in subsidiaries/affiliates (equity method)	$ 653,075	$ 559,452
Short-term investments	21,996	6,551
Cash	5,467	20,014	$ 8,043	$ 3,288
Property and equipment	270	385
Other	2,898	2,013
Total assets	683,706	588,415
Liabilities
Cash dividends declared to stockholders	6,647	6,031
Notes payable to subsidiary	35,000	35,000
Other	1,641	1,608
Total liabilities	43,288	42,639
Stockholders’ equity	640,418	545,776
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$ 683,706	$ 588,415

Reinsurance - Ceded Reinsurance Transactions with Unaffiliated Reinsurers (Details) - Unaffiliated Entity [Member] - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Reinsurance [Abstract]
Premiums written	$ 32,093,676	$ 38,495,838	$ 43,030,879
Premiums earned	32,499,899	38,688,465	42,416,710
Losses and loss expenses	(3,178,091)	(2,537,221)	16,318,760
Prepaid reinsurance premiums	6,134,104	6,540,327	6,732,955
Liability for losses and loss expenses	$ 86,978,777	$ 101,730,415	$ 116,717,187

- Definition

Amount of earned premiums ceded to other entities.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 944
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-Paragraph 14
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+ Details

Stock Compensation Plans

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Stock Compensation Plans [Abstract]

Stock Compensation Plans

13 - Stock Compensation Plans

Equity Incentive Plans

Since 1996, we have maintained an Equity Incentive Plan for Employees. During 2024, we adopted a plan that made a total of 4,500,000 shares of Class A common stock available for issuance to employees of our subsidiaries and affiliates. The plan provides for the granting of awards by our board of directors in the form of stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, other stock-based awards or any combination of the above. The plan provides that stock options may become exercisable up to ten years from their date of grant, with an option price not less than fair market value on the date preceding the date of grant.

Since 1996, we have maintained an Equity Incentive Plan for Directors. During 2024, we adopted a new plan that made 500,000 shares of Class A common stock available for issuance to our directors and the directors of our subsidiaries and affiliates. We may make awards under this plan in the form of stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, other stock-based awards or any combination of the above. The plan also provides for the issuance of 500 shares of restricted stock on the first business day of January in each year to each of our directors and each director of Donegal Mutual who does not serve as one of our directors. We issued 8,000 shares of restricted stock on January 2, 2025 under our director plan. We issued 8,500 shares of restricted stock on January 2, 2024 and January 3, 2023 under our prior director plan.

No further shares are available for future equity grants for plans in effect prior to 2024.

We measure all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, using a fair-value-based method and record such expense in our results of operations. In determining the expense we record for stock options granted to directors and employees of our subsidiaries and affiliates, we estimate the fair value of each option award on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The significant assumptions we utilize in applying the Black-Scholes option pricing model are the risk-free interest rate, expected term, dividend yield and expected volatility. The risk-free interest rate is the implied yield currently available on U.S. Treasury zero coupon issues with a remaining term equal to the expected term used as the assumption in the model. We base the expected term of an option award on our historical experience for similar awards. We determine the dividend yield by dividing the per share dividend by the grant date stock price. We base the expected volatility on the volatility of our stock price over a historical period comparable to the expected term.

We historically granted stock options on an annual basis at our December board meeting, which occurs in the middle of December. At its December 18, 2025 board meeting, our board of directors approved the recommendation of the compensation committee to change the form of equity awards we issue on an annual basis from stock options to restricted stock units and to delay issuance until the first day of the next calendar year. Accordingly, we did not grant any restricted stock units during 2025. On January 1, 2026, we granted restricted stock unit awards to our officers and the officers of Donegal Mutual that will vest in three equal annual installments. We plan to grant restricted stock units on January 1 of each year. This practice will allow for vesting under each grant to occur on the same date and for the value of shares our named executive officers receive upon vesting of multiple grants to be calculated consistently using the closing price of Class A common stock on the last trading day of the preceding year.

The weighted-average grant date fair value of options we granted during 2024 was $1.41. We calculated this fair value based upon a risk-free interest rate of 4.35%, an expected life of three years, an expected volatility of 16% and an expected dividend yield of 4.4%.

The weighted-average grant date fair value of options we granted during 2023 was $1.51. We calculated this fair value based upon a risk-free interest rate of 4.12%, an expected life of three years, an expected volatility of 20% and an expected dividend yield of 5%.

We charged compensation expense for our stock compensation plans against income before income taxes of $1.0 million, $980,911 and $876,569 for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively, with a corresponding income tax benefit of $210,355, $205,991 and $184,079. At December 31, 2025 and 2024, our total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested share-based compensation granted under our stock compensation plans was $794,210 and $1.8 million, respectively. We expect to recognize this cost over a weighted average period of 1.2 years.

During 2025, we received cash from option exercises under all stock compensation plans of $18.9 million. We realized actual tax benefits for the tax deductions from option exercises of share-based compensation of $1.3 million for 2025. During 2024, we received cash from option exercises under all stock compensation plans of $30.7 million. We realized actual tax benefits for the tax deductions from option exercises of share-based compensation of $370,644 for 2024. During 2023, we received cash from option exercises under all stock compensation plans of $6.8 million. We realized actual tax benefits for the tax deductions from option exercises of share-based compensation of $139,135 for 2023.

Information regarding activity in our stock option plans follows:

	Number of Options			Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share
Outstanding at December 31, 2022		6,382,179			14.94
Granted - 2023		959,200			13.87
Exercised - 2023		(493,866	)		13.79
Forfeited - 2023		(379,288	)		15.29
Expired - 2023		(1,415,897	)		15.81
Outstanding at December 31, 2023		5,052,328			14.58
Granted - 2024		910,100			15.76
Exercised - 2024		(2,035,226	)		15.06
Forfeited - 2024		(211,400	)		14.19
Expired - 2024		(229,309	)		15.63
Outstanding at December 31, 2024		3,486,493			14.57
Granted - 2025		900			15.76
Exercised - 2025		(1,319,754	)		14.36
Forfeited - 2025		(83,800	)		14.53
Expired - 2025		(12,300	)		14.43
Outstanding at December 31, 2025		2,071,539		$	14.71
Exercisable at:
December 31, 2023		3,234,327		$	14.90
December 31, 2024		1,792,942		$	14.24
December 31, 2025		1,331,747		$	14.41

Shares available for future option grants at December 31, 2025 totaled 4,104,500 shares under all plans.

The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at December 31, 2025:

Grant Date	Exercise Price		Number of Options Outstanding		Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life	Number of Options Exercisable
December 16, 2021		14.39		221,936	1.0 years		221,936
December 15, 2022		14.09		434,346	2.0 years		434,346
December 21, 2023		13.87		611,141	3.0 years		407,427
December 19, 2024		15.76		804,116	4.0 years		268,038
	Total			2,071,539			1,331,747

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

Since 1996, we have maintained an Employee Stock Purchase Plan. During 2021, we adopted a plan that made 500,000 shares of our Class A common stock available for issuance and extends over a 10-year period. The plan provides for shares to be offered to all eligible employees at a purchase price equal to the lesser of 85% of the fair market value of our Class A common stock on the last day before the first day of each enrollment period (June 1 and December 1 of each year) under the plan or 85% of the fair market value of our Class A common stock on the last day of each subscription period (June 30 and December 31 of each year).

A summary of plan activity follows:

	Shares Issued
	Price		Shares
January 1, 2023	$	12.07		26,545
July 1, 2023		12.27		28,912
January 1, 2024		11.89		29,787
July 1, 2024		10.95		33,899
January 1, 2025		11.25		28,500
July 1, 2025		14.14		25,328

On January 1, 2026, we issued 22,283 shares at a price of $16.98 per share under this plan. Following this issuance, we had 256,385 shares available for issuance under this plan.

Agency Stock Purchase Plan

Since 1996, we have maintained an Agency Stock Purchase Plan. During 2021, we adopted a plan that made 500,000 shares of our Class A common stock available for issuance to agents of our insurance subsidiaries and Donegal Mutual. During 2024, we adopted a new plan that made 500,000 shares of our Class A common stock available for issuance to agents of our insurance subsidiaries and Donegal Mutual. The plan permits an agent to invest up to $12,000 per subscription period (April 1 to September 30 and October 1 to March 31 of each year) under various methods. We issue stock at the end of each subscription period at a price equal to 90% of the average market price during the last ten trading days of each subscription period. During 2025, we issued 49,200 shares under the 2024 plan. Following this issuance, we had 450,800 shares available for issuance under the 2024 plan. During 2024 and 2023, we issued 81,180 and 86,469 shares, respectively, under the 2021 plan. The expense we recognized under this plan was not material.

Borrowings (Details) - Lines of Credit [Member] - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Aug. 31, 2020
Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company [Member]
Borrowings [Abstract]
Unsecured demand line of credit		$ 20.0
Outstanding borrowings	$ 0.0
Line of credit facility remaining borrowing capacity	$ 20.0
Debt Instrument, Variable Interest Rate, Type [Extensible Enumeration]	SOFR
Interest rate	2.11%
FHLB of Pittsburgh [Member] \| Atlantic States [Member]
Borrowings [Abstract]
Federal home loan bank, cash advance at fixed rate advances	$ 35.0
Fixed interest rate on advances	3.806%
Debt instrument due date	Sep. 30, 2026

Income Taxes - Deferred Tax Assets and Deferred Tax Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Deferred tax assets:
Unearned premium	$ 17,690,466	$ 18,377,475
Loss reserves	11,054,832	10,579,697
Net unrealized losses	2,205,197	7,498,822
Net state operating loss carryforward - DGI Parent	7,508,094	7,581,066
Other	850,843	1,035,322
Total gross deferred tax assets	39,309,432	45,072,382
Less valuation allowance	(7,508,094)	(7,581,066)
Net deferred tax assets	31,801,338	37,491,316
Deferred tax liabilities:
Deferred policy acquisition costs	14,420,695	15,402,863
Loss reserve transition adjustment	0	271,738
Other	4,093,342	3,046,854
Total gross deferred tax liabilities	18,514,037	18,721,455
Net deferred tax asset	$ 13,287,301	$ 18,769,861

Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses [Abstract]

Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses

8 - Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses

The establishment of an appropriate liability for losses and loss expenses is an inherently uncertain process, and we can provide no assurance that our insurance subsidiaries’ ultimate liability will not exceed their loss and loss expense reserves and have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. For example, legislative, judicial and regulatory actions may expand coverage definitions, retroactively mandate coverage or otherwise require our insurance subsidiaries to pay losses for damages that their policies explicitly excluded or did not intend to cover. Furthermore, we cannot predict the timing, frequency and extent of adjustments to our insurance subsidiaries’ estimated future liabilities, because the historical conditions and events that serve as a basis for our insurance subsidiaries’ estimates of ultimate claim costs may change. As is the case for substantially all property and casualty insurance companies, our insurance subsidiaries have found it necessary in the past to increase their estimated future liabilities for losses and loss expenses in certain periods, and, in other periods, their estimates have exceeded their actual liabilities. Changes in our insurance subsidiaries’ estimate of their liability for losses and loss expenses generally reflect actual payments and their evaluation of information received since the prior reporting date.

We summarize activity in our insurance subsidiaries’ liability for losses and loss expenses as follows:

	2025			2024			2023
Balance at January 1	$	1,120,985,050		$	1,126,156,838		$	1,121,045,758
Less reinsurance recoverable		(416,621,377	)		(437,013,974	)		(451,184,222	)
Cumulative effect of adoption of updated accounting guidance for credit losses at January 1		—			—			1,131,836
Net balance at January 1		704,363,673			689,142,864			670,993,372
Incurred related to:
Current year		574,599,658			619,089,646			625,831,043
Prior years		(10,267,402	)		(14,971,930	)		(16,653,344	)
Total incurred		564,332,256			604,117,716			609,177,699
Paid related to:
Current year		286,140,139			319,195,507			330,290,039
Prior years		277,359,789			269,701,400			260,738,168
Total paid		563,499,928			588,896,907			591,028,207
Net balance at December 31		705,196,001			704,363,673			689,142,864
Plus reinsurance recoverable		394,853,936			416,621,377			437,013,974
Balance at December 31	$	1,100,049,937		$	1,120,985,050		$	1,126,156,838

Our insurance subsidiaries recognized a decrease in their liability for losses and loss expenses of prior years of $10.3 million, $15.0 million and $16.7 million in 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Our insurance subsidiaries made no significant changes in their reserving philosophy or claims management personnel, and they have made no significant offsetting changes in estimates that increased or decreased their loss and loss expense reserves in those years. The 2025 development represented 1.5% of the December 31, 2024 net carried reserves and resulted primarily from lower-than-expected loss emergence in all lines of business except other commercial lines (which is primarily commercial umbrella liability) for accident years prior to 2025. The majority of the 2025 development related to decreases in the liability for losses and loss expenses of prior years for Southern and Peninsula. The 2024 development represented 2.2% of the December 31, 2023 net carried reserves and resulted primarily from lower-than-expected loss emergence in the commercial multi-peril, personal automobile and homeowners lines of business, offset partially by higher-than-expected loss emergence in the workers’ compensation and commercial automobile lines of business, for accident years prior to 2024. The majority of the 2024 development related to decreases in the liability for losses and loss expenses of prior years for Atlantic States and MICO. The 2023 development represented 2.5% of the December 31, 2022 net carried reserves and resulted primarily from lower-than-expected loss emergence in the personal automobile and commercial automobile lines of business for accident years prior to 2023. The majority of the 2023 development related to decreases in the liability for losses and loss expenses of prior years for Atlantic States and MICO.

Short-duration contracts are contracts for which our insurance subsidiaries receive premiums that they recognize as revenue over the period of the contract in proportion to the amount of insurance protection our insurance subsidiaries provide. Our insurance subsidiaries consider the policies they issue to be short-duration contracts. We consider our insurance subsidiaries’ material lines of business to be personal automobile, homeowners, commercial automobile, commercial multi-peril and workers’ compensation.

Our insurance subsidiaries determine incurred but not reported (“IBNR”) reserves by subtracting the cumulative loss and loss expense amounts our insurance subsidiaries have paid and the case reserves our insurance subsidiaries have established at the balance sheet date from their actuaries’ estimate of the ultimate cost of losses and loss expenses. Accordingly, our insurance subsidiaries’ IBNR reserves include their actuaries’ projections of the cost of unreported claims as well as their actuaries’ projected development of case reserves on known claims and reopened claims. Our insurance subsidiaries’ methodology for estimating IBNR reserves has been in place for many years, and their actuaries made no significant changes to that methodology during 2025.

The actuaries for our insurance subsidiaries generally prepare an initial estimate for ultimate losses and loss expenses for the current accident year by multiplying earned premium by an “a priori,” or expected, loss ratio for each line of business our insurance subsidiaries write. Expected loss ratios represent the actuaries’ expectation of losses at the time our insurance subsidiaries price and write their policies, before the emergence of any actual claims experience. The actuaries determine an expected loss ratio by analyzing historical experience and adjusting for loss cost trends, loss frequency and severity trends, premium rate level changes, reported and paid loss emergence patterns and other known or observed factors.

The actuaries use a variety of actuarial methods to estimate the ultimate cost of losses and loss expenses. These methods include paid loss development, incurred loss development and the Bornhuetter-Ferguson method from which the actuaries select loss development factor assumptions. The actuaries base their selection of a point estimate on a judgmental weighting of estimates each of these methods produce.

The actuaries consider loss frequency and severity trends when they develop expected loss ratios and point estimates. Loss frequency is a measure of the number of claims per unit of insured exposure, and loss severity is a measure of the average size of claims. Factors that affect loss frequency include changes in weather patterns or economic activity. Factors that affect loss severity include changes in policy limits, reinsurance retentions, inflation rates and judicial interpretations.

Our insurance subsidiaries create a claim file when they receive notice of an actual demand for payment, an event that may lead to a demand for payment or when they otherwise determine that a demand for payment could potentially lead to a future demand for payment on another coverage under the same policy or another policy they have issued. In recent years, our insurance subsidiaries have noted an increase in the period of time between the occurrence of a casualty loss event and the date on which they receive notice of a liability claim. Changes in the length of time between the loss occurrence date and the claim reporting date affect the actuaries’ ability to accurately predict loss frequency and the amount of IBNR reserves our insurance subsidiaries require.

Our insurance subsidiaries generally create a claim file for a policy at the claimant level by type of coverage and generally recognize one count for each claim event. In certain lines of business where it is common for multiple parties to claim damages arising from a single claim event, our insurance subsidiaries recognize one count for each claimant involved in the event. Atlantic States recognizes one count for each claim event, or claimant involved in a multiple-party claim event, related to losses Atlantic States assumes through its participation in its pooling agreement with Donegal Mutual. Our insurance subsidiaries accumulate the claim counts and report them by line of business. For purposes of the claim development tables we present below, our insurance subsidiaries count claims on policies they issue even if they eventually close such claims without making a loss payment. Claims our insurance subsidiaries close without making a loss payment typically generate loss expenses. The methods our insurance subsidiaries have used to summarize claim counts have not changed significantly over the time periods we report in the tables below.

Personal Automobile																					At December 31, 2025
	Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021		2022		2023		2024		2025		Total IBNR Plus Expected Development on Reported Claims		Cumulative Number of Reported Claims
	Unaudited
(dollars and reported claims in thousands)
2016		150,216		153,937		157,516		157,943		156,935		156,436		156,227		155,834		155,822	$	156,148	$	58		73
2017				166,690		176,728		175,939		174,784		173,730		173,032		172,712		172,376		172,427		138		79
2018						186,580		183,358		181,558		180,787		179,732		178,990		178,799		178,836		178		81
2019								161,056		157,689		156,300		154,805		153,883		153,253		152,896		495		68
2020										111,483		103,585		100,339		99,253		98,506		98,271		553		43
2021												119,364		118,752		114,707		114,874		113,681		922		47
2022														126,203		134,834		136,073		136,349		1,942		50
2023																152,740		155,260		155,617		3,733		52
2024																		153,403		153,248		6,835		46
2025																				119,272		24,651		38
																	Total		$	1,436,745

Personal Automobile
	Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021		2022		2023		2024		2025
	Unaudited
(in thousands)
2016		102,433		129,507		143,321		151,159		153,521		154,769		155,521		155,505		155,602	$	155,630
2017				111,964		142,372		159,879		166,099		169,190		170,895		171,513		171,863		171,861
2018						115,585		150,175		163,036		169,651		173,922		176,233		177,367		178,152
2019								103,101		127,187		141,004		146,667		150,017		150,842		151,806
2020										66,084		81,783		89,736		94,094		96,277		96,837
2021												76,477		93,998		103,427		109,052		111,044
2022														83,616		109,845		125,624		131,267
2023																99,574		127,752		142,721
2024																		101,227		128,410
2025																				81,565
																	Total			1,349,293
					All outstanding liabilities before 2016, net of reinsurance															1,525
					Liabilities for claims and claims adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance														$	88,977

Homeowners																					At December 31, 2025
	Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021		2022		2023		2024		2025		Total IBNR Plus Expected Development on Reported Claims		Cumulative Number of Reported Claims
	Unaudited
(dollars and reported claims in thousands)
2016		62,443		64,064		63,735		63,355		63,279		63,409		63,472		63,478		63,462	$	63,441	$	—		12
2017				79,283		79,911		79,305		79,247		79,065		78,815		78,819		78,687		78,706		—		17
2018						81,965		83,385		82,905		82,566		82,058		81,977		81,930		81,938		26		19
2019								73,294		73,554		73,234		72,168		72,176		71,785		71,644		41		16
2020										61,633		62,718		61,595		61,495		61,285		61,340		28		14
2021												67,677		66,996		65,451		64,425		64,292		162		11
2022														82,433		82,045		81,838		81,795		539		10
2023																86,693		87,047		86,676		975		11
2024																		85,975		85,392		1,357		10
2025																				80,685		7,675		8
																	Total		$	755,909

Homeowners
	Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021		2022		2023		2024		2025
	Unaudited
(in thousands)
2016		50,125		61,145		62,760		63,144		63,162		63,217		63,266		63,296		63,302	$	63,393
2017				67,077		77,663		78,006		78,127		78,454		78,528		78,556		78,662		78,676
2018						70,385		79,892		80,905		81,464		81,568		81,826		81,833		81,841
2019								58,074		69,145		70,416		70,884		71,209		71,446		71,563
2020										51,226		60,348		60,809		61,189		61,181		61,268
2021												52,161		63,920		64,124		64,258		64,190
2022														63,107		79,187		80,132		80,673
2023																67,636		84,194		85,683
2024																		67,702		82,242
2025																				61,894
																	Total			731,423
					All outstanding liabilities before 2016, net of reinsurance															85
					Liabilities for claims and claims adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance														$	24,571

Commercial Automobile																					At December 31, 2025
	Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021		2022		2023		2024		2025		Total IBNR Plus Expected Development on Reported Claims		Cumulative Number of Reported Claims
	Unaudited
(dollars and reported claims in thousands)
2016		54,302		57,353		65,905		67,127		66,894		66,085		65,922		65,602		65,537	$	65,471	$	5		13
2017				61,484		67,927		67,697		67,249		65,310		64,631		65,022		64,821		65,161		9		14
2018						79,307		81,396		82,313		83,043		82,226		82,368		82,234		82,020		33		16
2019								88,864		91,245		90,290		86,140		84,566		83,709		84,241		76		16
2020										90,367		87,766		85,016		83,590		83,590		83,484		311		14
2021												109,824		99,231		96,947		97,903		97,070		983		15
2022														115,287		108,690		109,314		109,030		3,560		15
2023																112,135		110,821		109,817		8,281		15
2024																		115,327		112,635		16,435		12
2025																				115,112		40,776		13
																	Total		$	924,041

Commercial Automobile
	Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021		2022		2023		2024		2025
	Unaudited
(in thousands)
2016		27,033		38,237		48,837		57,237		60,485		64,421		65,076		65,273		65,315	$	65,314
2017				28,707		40,213		49,703		57,128		59,889		62,187		64,074		64,219		64,950
2018						33,862		47,941		57,451		69,487		74,421		79,308		80,375		80,922
2019								36,948		53,026		63,575		72,139		80,617		81,647		83,000
2020										31,884		46,459		60,665		70,669		78,974		80,812
2021												39,851		56,101		69,908		80,595		90,382
2022														46,242		67,367		81,554		93,641
2023																45,387		65,131		83,722
2024																		43,206		67,633
2025																				45,908
																	Total			756,284
					All outstanding liabilities before 2016, net of reinsurance															42
					Liabilities for claims and claims adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance														$	167,799

Commercial Multi-Peril																					At December 31, 2025
	Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021		2022		2023		2024		2025		Total IBNR Plus Expected Development on Reported Claims		Cumulative Number of Reported Claims
	Unaudited
(dollars and reported claims in thousands)
2016		43,005		46,988		48,267		48,871		48,732		48,823		48,802		48,374		48,213	$	48,217	$	—		6
2017				56,185		56,043		56,517		54,812		55,076		54,244		55,002		54,475		54,497		9		7
2018						66,265		66,470		67,749		67,810		65,911		65,900		65,727		66,012		93		7
2019								71,865		73,836		76,326		75,821		76,015		74,995		75,181		247		7
2020										83,195		79,910		76,490		74,796		72,624		72,330		811		8
2021												116,827		117,574		119,321		116,202		109,817		4,240		7
2022														142,395		141,935		139,486		142,993		7,931		7
2023																129,069		125,596		124,791		14,549		6
2024																		119,376		114,326		23,922		5
2025																				116,509		40,152		5
																	Total		$	924,673

Commercial Multi-Peril
	Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021		2022		2023		2024		2025
	Unaudited
(in thousands)
2016		19,660		29,402		34,612		41,193		43,435		44,944		47,432		48,048		48,169	$	48,181
2017				27,399		36,926		42,691		46,361		49,488		51,494		52,422		53,886		54,025
2018						30,597		42,296		48,050		54,913		59,118		62,253		63,040		63,911
2019								28,210		41,266		47,522		55,951		63,156		69,762		71,638
2020										34,729		46,193		52,646		58,754		66,669		69,114
2021												46,768		69,735		82,580		94,484		99,812
2022														57,641		86,664		100,931		117,583
2023																56,238		82,006		94,243
2024																		45,663		63,806
2025																				43,100
																	Total			725,413
					All outstanding liabilities before 2016, net of reinsurance															471
					Liabilities for claims and claims adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance														$	199,731

Workers’ Compensation																					At December 31, 2025
	Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021		2022		2023		2024		2025		Total IBNR Plus Expected Development on Reported Claims		Cumulative Number of Reported Claims
	Unaudited
(dollars and reported claims in thousands)
2016		58,814		49,802		47,883		44,969		44,098		43,559		43,484		43,447		43,610	$	43,580	$	89		6
2017				60,450		56,351		52,687		51,464		49,557		48,802		48,668		48,504		48,362		358		6
2018						62,197		55,291		52,514		47,912		47,007		46,742		46,552		46,046		478		6
2019								60,998		59,624		57,728		56,480		55,893		56,121		55,867		690		7
2020										57,172		57,850		57,384		56,714		56,605		58,499		693		6
2021												67,035		65,530		64,225		64,445		65,088		1,380		7
2022														67,046		67,331		69,467		68,715		2,522		7
2023																62,401		65,137		64,746		4,616		6
2024																		60,522		57,859		8,365		5
2025																				59,470		18,836		4
																	Total		$	568,232

Workers’ Compensation
	Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expenses, Net of Reinsurance For the Year Ended December 31,
Accident Year	2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		2021		2022		2023		2024		2025
	Unaudited
(in thousands)
2016		14,709		30,344		37,178		40,570		41,208		41,543		41,809		42,195		42,486	$	42,782
2017				15,581		31,990		39,684		42,954		44,242		45,174		45,935		46,339		46,573
2018						17,644		31,928		37,072		41,611		43,279		44,359		44,624		45,046
2019								16,939		33,009		41,740		47,121		50,079		51,944		53,155
2020										14,591		32,817		44,089		48,259		50,928		52,900
2021												20,931		42,633		51,781		56,162		57,950
2022														18,643		41,225		51,916		58,828
2023																17,546		39,922		49,171
2024																		15,800		33,111
2025																				16,074
																	Total			455,590
					All outstanding liabilities before 2016, net of reinsurance															7,435
					Liabilities for claims and claims adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance														$	120,077

The following table presents a reconciliation of the net incurred and paid claims development tables to the liability for claims and claims adjustment expenses in our consolidated balance sheet:

(in thousands)	At December 31, 2025
Net outstanding liabilities:
Personal automobile	$	88,977
Homeowners		24,571
Commercial automobile		167,799
Commercial multi-peril		199,731
Workers’ compensation		120,077
Other		48,533
		649,688
Reinsurance recoverable:
Personal automobile		83,481
Homeowners		12,015
Commercial automobile		94,996
Commercial multi-peril		97,061
Workers’ compensation		79,691
Other		12,187
		379,431
Unallocated loss adjustment expenses		70,931
Gross liability for unpaid losses and loss expenses	$	1,100,050

The following table presents supplementary information about average historical claims duration as of December 31, 2025:

	Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance
Years		1		2		3		4		5		6		7		8		9		10
Personal automobile		65.7	%	17.4	%	9.1	%	4.2	%	2.0	%	0.8	%	0.5	%	0.2	%	—	%	—	%
Homeowners		80.7		16.3		1.2		0.5		0.2		0.2		0.1		0.1		—		0.1
Commercial automobile		41.2		18.3		14.5		11.9		7.6		3.8		1.7		0.4		0.6		—
Commercial multi-peril		42.8		18.5		9.9		10.4		7.0		4.7		2.6		1.8		0.3		—
Workers’ compensation		30.0		32.4		15.2		8.3		3.4		2.3		1.2		0.9		0.6		0.7

Income Taxes - Reconciliation of Federal Income Tax Rate (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Income Taxes [Abstract]
Income before income tax expense	$ 97,592,977	$ 62,338,932	$ 5,063,476
Tax at U.S. federal statutory rate, amount	$ 20,494,525	$ 13,091,176	$ 1,063,330
Tax at U.S. federal statutory rate, percent	21.00%	21.00%	21.00%
Tax Jurisdiction of Domicile [Extensible Enumeration]	US	US	US
State income taxes, net of federal income tax effect, amount	$ 250,000	$ 250,000	$ 250,000
State income taxes, net of federal income tax effect, percent	0.30%	0.40%	4.90%
Nontaxable or nondeductible items:
Tax-exempt interest, amount	$ (1,506,919)	$ (1,260,114)	$ (1,328,312)
Tax-exempt interest, percent	(1.50%)	(2.00%)	(26.20%)
Proration, amount	$ 392,676	$ 329,468	$ 351,415
Proration, percent	0.40%	0.50%	6.90%
Dividends received deduction, amount	$ (63,786)	$ (57,759)	$ (77,348)
Dividends received deduction, percent	(0.10%)	(0.10%)	(1.50%)
Stock options, amount	$ (895,639)	$ 101,600	$ 595,602
Stock options, percent	(0.90%)	0.20%	11.80%
Fixed-maturity dispositions, amount	$ 0	$ (585,845)	$ 0
Fixed-maturity dispositions, percent	0.00%	(0.90%)	0.00%
Other adjustments:
Unrealized gain on equity securities, amount	$ (1,060,494)	$ (1,054,875)	$ (572,213)
Unrealized gain on equity securities, percent	(1.10%)	(1.70%)	(11.30%)
Additional tax paid for prior year, amount	$ 179,457	$ (5,157)	$ 159,261
Additional tax paid for prior year, percent	0.20%	(0.10%)	3.10%
Other, net, amount	$ 462,417	$ 668,186	$ 196,237
Other, net, percent	0.40%	1.10%	3.90%
Income tax expense, amount	$ 18,252,237	$ 11,476,680	$ 637,972
Income tax expense, percent	18.70%	18.40%	12.60%

Statutory Net Income, Capital and Surplus and Dividend Restrictions - State Insurance Regulatory Authorities (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Statutory Net Income, Capital and Surplus and Dividend Restrictions [Abstract]
Statutory capital and surplus	$ 585,989,170	$ 508,936,244	$ 463,674,289
Statutory net income (loss)	78,402,800	43,556,720	(2,312,857)
Atlantic States [Member]
Statutory Net Income, Capital and Surplus and Dividend Restrictions [Abstract]
Statutory capital and surplus	362,819,553	316,926,609	273,626,140
Statutory unassigned surplus	254,629,111	209,677,754	167,301,333
Statutory net income (loss)	50,777,668	40,741,454	7,193,716
MICO [Member]
Statutory Net Income, Capital and Surplus and Dividend Restrictions [Abstract]
Statutory capital and surplus	84,874,639	74,616,370	71,608,571
Statutory unassigned surplus	62,848,338	52,590,070	49,582,271
Statutory net income (loss)	10,179,273	7,822,780	3,298,940
Peninsula [Member]
Statutory Net Income, Capital and Surplus and Dividend Restrictions [Abstract]
Statutory capital and surplus	53,951,090	47,342,601	50,398,403
Statutory unassigned surplus	32,141,891	29,033,401	32,089,203
Statutory net income (loss)	3,300,002	2,140,162	4,121,754
Southern [Member]
Statutory Net Income, Capital and Surplus and Dividend Restrictions [Abstract]
Statutory capital and surplus	84,343,888	70,050,664	68,041,175
Statutory unassigned surplus	(2,604,889)	(16,898,113)	(8,907,602)
Statutory net income (loss)	$ 14,145,857	$ (7,147,676)	$ (16,927,267)

Transactions with Affiliates - Schedule of Insurance Subsidiaries Ceded to Donegal Mutual Pursuant to Reinsurance Agreements (Details) - Catastrophe Reinsurance [Member - Insurance Subsidiaries [Member] - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Transactions with Affiliates [Abstract]
Premiums earned	$ 14,421,205	$ 14,261,265	$ 13,215,814
Losses and loss expenses	1,656,685	19,454,584	17,895,306
Liability for losses and loss expenses	$ 1,474,118	$ 6,876,255	$ 2,497,244

- Definition

Amount of earned premiums ceded to other entities.

+ References

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+ Details

Reinsurance (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Reinsurance [Abstract]

Ceded Reinsurance Transactions with Unaffiliated Reinsurers

The following amounts represent ceded reinsurance transactions with unaffiliated reinsurers during 2025, 2024 and 2023:

	2025			2024			2023
Premiums written	$	32,093,676		$	38,495,838		$	43,030,879
Premiums earned		32,499,899			38,688,465			42,416,710
Losses and loss expenses		(3,178,091	)		(2,537,221	)		16,318,760
Prepaid reinsurance premiums		6,134,104			6,540,327			6,732,955
Liability for losses and loss expenses		86,978,777			101,730,415			116,717,187

Total Ceded Reinsurance Transactions with both Affiliated and Unaffiliated Reinsurers

The following amounts represent total ceded reinsurance transactions with both affiliated and unaffiliated reinsurers during 2025, 2024 and 2023:

	2025		2024		2023
Premiums earned	$	405,133,479	$	411,032,074	$	388,073,427
Losses and loss expenses		202,503,757		214,853,176		275,171,587
Prepaid reinsurance premiums		171,083,219		176,161,872		168,724,466
Liability for losses and loss expenses		395,229,241		417,012,858		437,013,974

Amounts Represent Effect of Reinsurance on Premiums Written

The following amounts represent the effect of reinsurance on premiums written for 2025, 2024 and 2023:

	2025			2024			2023
Direct	$	695,699,115		$	737,539,403		$	702,227,408
Assumed		609,182,350			623,210,848			589,675,724
Ceded		(400,054,828	)		(418,469,480	)		(396,206,492	)
Net premiums written	$	904,826,637		$	942,280,771		$	895,696,640

Amounts Represent Effect of Reinsurance on Premiums Earned

The following amounts represent the effect of reinsurance on premiums earned for 2025, 2024 and 2023:

	2025			2024			2023
Direct	$	709,082,223		$	735,818,955		$	686,584,907
Assumed		617,234,831			611,864,599			583,559,906
Ceded		(405,133,479	)		(411,032,074	)		(388,073,427	)
Net premiums earned	$	921,183,575		$	936,651,480		$	882,071,386
Percentage of assumed premiums earned to net premiums earned		67.0	%		65.3	%		66.2	%

Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Income Taxes [Abstract]
Corporate income tax rate	21.00%	21.00%	21.00%
Other deferred tax assets, net	$ 31.8	$ 37.5
DGI Parent [Member]
Income Taxes [Abstract]
Valuation allowance related to the portion of operating loss carryforwards	$ 7.5	$ 7.6

Investments (Details)		12 Months Ended
Investments (Details)	Nov. 30, 2013 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2025 USD ($) Securities	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Investments [Abstract]
Net unrealized losses arising prior to reclassification date	$ (15,100,000)
Amortization of other comprehensive income		$ 181,869	$ 219,583	$ 284,095
Amortized cost of fixed maturities on deposit with various regulatory authorities		$ 10,316,907	10,323,629
Number of fixed maturity securities classified as available for sale (in Securities) \| Securities		638
Impairment losses		$ 0	0	0
Sales or transfers, held to maturity		0	0	0
Derivative instruments or hedging activities		0	0	$ 0
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions [Member]
Investments [Abstract]
Aggregate fair value of bond held		291,700,000	233,100,000
Amortized cost of bond held		317,500,000	272,500,000
Special Revenue Bonds [Member]
Investments [Abstract]
Aggregate fair value of bond held		158,000,000	123,000,000
Amortized cost of bond held		$ 169,600,000	$ 141,300,000
Education Bonds [Member]
Investments [Abstract]
Percentage of investments in special revenue bonds		42.00%	44.00%
Water and Sewer Utility Bonds [Member]
Investments [Abstract]
Percentage of investments in special revenue bonds		32.00%	37.00%
Minimum [Member]
Investments [Abstract]
Percentage of which the company held security of any issuer		10.00%	10.00%
Accumulated Net Unrealized Investment Losses [Member]
Investments [Abstract]
Net unrealized losses after adjustment		$ 853,706	$ 1,000,000

Reinsurance - Amounts Represent Effect of Reinsurance on Premiums Earned (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Reinsurance [Abstract]
Direct	$ 709,082,223	$ 735,818,955	$ 686,584,907
Assumed	617,234,831	611,864,599	583,559,906
Ceded	(405,133,479)	(411,032,074)	(388,073,427)
Net premiums earned	$ 921,183,575	$ 936,651,480	$ 882,071,386
Percentage of assumed premiums earned to net premiums earned	67.00%	65.30%	66.20%

- Definition

Amount of earned premiums ceded to other entities.

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- Definition

Amount, before premiums ceded to other entities and premiums assumed by the entity, of premiums earned.

+ References

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- Definition

Amount, after premiums ceded to other entities and premiums assumed by the entity, of premiums earned.

+ References

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+ Details

Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs [Abstract]

Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs

6 - Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs

Changes in our insurance subsidiaries’ deferred policy acquisition costs are as follows:

	2025			2024			2023
Balance, January 1	$	73,346,967		$	75,043,404		$	73,170,230
Acquisition costs deferred		148,106,015			158,614,563			156,087,174
Amortization charged to earnings		(152,783,000	)		(160,311,000	)		(154,214,000	)
Balance, December 31	$	68,669,982		$	73,346,967		$	75,043,404

Investments - Net Investment Income, Consisting Primarily of Interest and Dividends (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Investments [Abstract]
Investment income	$ 56,890,911	$ 48,812,244	$ 43,712,826
Investment expenses	(4,264,196)	(3,894,082)	(2,859,611)
Net investment income	52,626,715	44,918,162	40,853,215
Fixed Maturities [Member]
Investments [Abstract]
Investment income	50,881,739	44,450,895	40,445,697
Short-Term Investments [Member]
Investments [Abstract]
Investment income	5,165,683	3,621,766	2,471,998
Equity Securities [Member]
Investments [Abstract]
Investment income	814,239	710,333	765,881
Other [Member]
Investments [Abstract]
Investment income	$ 29,250	$ 29,250	$ 29,250

- Definition

Amount, after investment expense, of income earned from investments in securities and real estate. Includes, but is not limited to, real estate investment, policy loans, dividends, and interest. Excludes realized gain (loss) on investments.

+ References + Details

Earnings Per Share (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Reconciliation of Numerators and Denominators Used in Basic and Diluted Per Share Computations

We present below a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators we used in the basic and diluted per share computations for our Class A common stock:

	Year Ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2023
Basic earnings per share:
Numerator:
Allocation of net income	$	68,150	$	43,178	$	3,788
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares outstanding		30,744		28,155		27,469
Basic earnings per share	$	2.22	$	1.53	$	0.14
Diluted earnings per share:
Numerator:
Allocation of net income	$	68,150	$	43,178	$	3,788
Denominator:
Number of shares used in basic computation		30,744		28,155		27,469
Weighted-average effect of dilutive securities
Add: Director and employee stock options		502		91		94
Number of shares used in per share computations		31,246		28,246		27,563
Diluted earnings per share	$	2.18	$	1.53	$	0.14

We used the following information in the basic and diluted per share computations for our Class B common stock:

	Year Ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2023
Basic and diluted earnings per share:
Numerator:
Allocation of net income	$	11,191	$	7,684	$	638
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares outstanding		5,577		5,577		5,577
Basic and diluted earnings per share	$	2.01	$	1.38	$	0.11

Cover - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Cover - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2025	Mar. 02, 2026	Jun. 30, 2025
Document Information [Line Items]
Document Type	10-K
Document Annual Report	true
Document Transition Report	false
Document Financial Statement Error Correction [Flag]	false
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag	true
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2025
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2025
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Entity Information [Line Items]
Entity Registrant Name	DONEGAL GROUP INC
Entity Central Index Key	0000800457
Entity File Number	0-15341
Entity Tax Identification Number	23-2424711
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	No
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Public Float			$ 355,484,764
Entity Contact Personnel [Line Items]
Entity Address, Address Line One	1195 River Road
Entity Address, City or Town	Marietta
Entity Address, State or Province	PA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	17547
Entity Phone Fax Numbers [Line Items]
City Area Code	800
Local Phone Number	877-0600
Class A Common Stock [Member]
Entity Listings [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	Class A Common Stock, $.01 par value
Trading Symbol	DGICA
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		31,426,189
Class B Common Stock [Member]
Entity Listings [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	Class B Common Stock, $.01 par value
Trading Symbol	DGICB
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		5,576,775

Stockholders' Equity	12 Months Ended
Stockholders' Equity	Dec. 31, 2025
Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Stockholders' Equity	12 - Stockholders’ Equity Each share of our Class A common stock outstanding at the time of the declaration of any dividend or other distribution payable in cash upon the shares of our Class B common stock is entitled to a dividend or distribution payable at the same time and to stockholders of record on the same date in an amount at least 10% greater than any dividend declared upon each share of our Class B common stock. In the event of our merger or consolidation with or into another entity, the holders of our Class A common stock and the holders of our Class B common stock are entitled to receive the same per share consideration in such merger or consolidation. In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding-up, any assets available to common stockholders will be distributed pro-rata to the holders of our Class A common stock and our Class B common stock after payment of all of our obligations. On July 18, 2013, our board of directors authorized a share repurchase program pursuant to which we have the authority to purchase up to 500,000 additional shares of our Class A common stock at prices prevailing from time to time in the open market subject to the provisions of the SEC Rule 10b-18 and in privately negotiated transactions. We did not purchase any shares of our Class A common stock under this program during 2025, 2024 or 2023. We have purchased a total of 57,658 shares of our Class A common stock under this program from its inception through December 31, 2025. At December 31, 2025 and 2024, our treasury stock consisted of 3,002,588 and 72,465 shares of Class A common stock and Class B common stock, respectively.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for equity.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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+ Details

Segment Information (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Segment Information [Abstract]

Financial Data by Segment

Financial data by segment is as follows:

	2025
	Investments		Commercial Lines		Personal Lines		Total
	(in thousands)
Revenues:
Net premiums earned	$	—	$	555,873	$	365,311	$	921,184
Net investment income		52,627		—		—		52,627
Investment gains		619		—		—		619
Total segment revenues		53,246		555,873		365,311		974,430
Other								3,584
Total revenues							$	978,014
Segment expenses:
Net losses and loss expenses		—		345,493		218,878		564,371
Other underwriting expenses		—		202,697		102,583		305,280
Policyholder dividends		—		3,011		—		3,011
Total segment expenses		—		551,201		321,461		872,662
SAP underwriting income		—		4,672		43,850		48,522
GAAP adjustments								(5,849	)
GAAP underwriting income								42,673
Net investment income								52,627
Investment gains								619
Other								1,674
Income before income tax expense							$	97,593

	2024
	Investments		Commercial Lines		Personal Lines		Total
	(in thousands)
Revenues:
Net premiums earned	$	—	$	539,683	$	396,968	$	936,651
Net investment income		44,918		—		—		44,918
Investment gains		4,981		—		—		4,981
Total segment revenues		49,899		539,683		396,968		986,550
Other								3,055
Total revenues							$	989,605
Segment expenses:
Net losses and loss expenses		—		336,353		271,918		608,271
Other underwriting expenses		—		193,431		119,311		312,742
Policyholder dividends		—		4,073		—		4,073
Total segment expenses		—		533,857		391,229		925,086
SAP underwriting income		—		5,826		5,739		11,565
GAAP adjustments								1,331
GAAP underwriting income								12,896
Net investment income								44,918
Investment gains								4,981
Other								(456	)
Income before income tax expense							$	62,339

	2023
	Investments		Commercial Lines			Personal Lines			Total
	(in thousands)
Revenues:
Net premiums earned	$	—	$	533,029		$	349,042		$	882,071
Net investment income		40,853		—			—			40,853
Investment losses		3,173		—			—			3,173
Total segment revenues		44,026		533,029			349,042			926,097
Other										1,241
Total revenues									$	927,338
Segment expenses:
Net losses and loss expenses		—		346,177			265,894			612,071
Other underwriting expenses		—		188,537			118,266			306,803
Policyholder dividends		—		5,313			—			5,313
Total segment expenses		—		540,027			384,160			924,187
SAP underwriting loss		—		(6,998	)		(35,118	)		(42,116	)
GAAP adjustments										3,735
GAAP underwriting loss										(38,381	)
Net investment income										40,853
Investment gains										3,173
Other										(582	)
Income before income tax expense									$	5,063

Income Taxes - Provision for Income Tax Expense (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Current income tax expense:
U.S. federal	$ 17,813,302	$ 11,708,424	$ 158,575
State	250,000	250,000	250,000
Deferred income tax expense (benefit):
U.S. federal	188,935	(481,744)	229,397
Total income tax expense included in the consolidated financial statements	$ 18,252,237	$ 11,476,680	$ 637,972

Fair Value Measurements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

5 - Fair Value Measurements

We account for financial assets using a framework that establishes a hierarchy that ranks the quality and reliability of inputs, or assumptions, used in the determination of fair value, and we classify financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value in one of the following three categories:

Level 1 - quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities;

Level 2 - directly or indirectly observable inputs other than Level 1 quoted prices; and

Level 3 - unobservable inputs not corroborated by market data.

For investments that have quoted market prices in active markets, we use the quoted market price as fair value and include these investments in Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. We classify publicly traded equity securities as Level 1. When quoted market prices in active markets are not available, we base fair values on quoted market prices of comparable instruments or price estimates we obtain from independent pricing services. We classify our fixed maturity investments and non-publicly traded equity securities as Level 2. Our fixed maturity investments consist of U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies, obligations of states and political subdivisions, corporate securities and mortgage-backed securities.

At December 31, 2025, we received two estimates per security from the pricing services, and we priced substantially all of our Level 1 and Level 2 investments using those prices. In our review of the estimates the pricing services provided at December 31, 2025, we did not identify any material discrepancies, and we did not make any adjustments to the estimates the pricing services provided.

We present our cash and short-term investments at estimated fair value. The carrying values in our balance sheet for premium receivables, reinsurance receivables related to paid losses and loss expenses and reinsurance balances payable approximate their fair values. The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet for our borrowings under lines of credit approximate their fair values. We classify these items as Level 3.

We evaluate our assets and liabilities on a regular basis to determine the appropriate level at which to classify them for each reporting period. Based on our review of the methodology and summary of inputs the pricing services use, we have concluded that our Level 1 and Level 2 investments were classified properly at December 31, 2025 and 2024.

The following table presents our fair value measurements for our investments in available-for-sale fixed maturity and equity securities at December 31, 2025:

	Fair Value Measurements Using
	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	24,329,398	$	—	$	24,329,398	$	—
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		48,550,717		—		48,550,717		—
Corporate securities		130,924,461		—		130,924,461		—
Mortgage-backed securities		436,918,199		—		436,918,199		—
Equity securities		44,370,358		42,233,030		2,137,328		—
Total investments in the fair value hierarchy	$	685,093,133	$	42,233,030	$	642,860,103	$	—

The following table presents our fair value measurements for our investments in available-for-sale fixed maturity and equity securities at December 31, 2024:

	Fair Value Measurements Using
	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	83,792,635	$	—	$	83,792,635	$	—
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		37,404,420		—		37,404,420		—
Corporate securities		202,931,696		—		202,931,696		—
Mortgage-backed securities		293,763,111		—		293,763,111		—
Equity securities		36,807,810		34,707,981		2,099,829		—
Total investments in the fair value hierarchy	$	654,699,672	$	34,707,981	$	619,991,691	$	—

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 820
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (bbb)(1)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 820
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Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
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-Publisher FASB
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Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 820
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6A
-Subparagraph (f)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 820
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6A
-Subparagraph (e)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 820
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6A
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 820
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (h)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 820
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (g)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 940
-SubTopic 820
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478119/940-820-50-1

+ Details

Impact of New Accounting Standards (Details) $ in Millions	36 Months Ended
Impact of New Accounting Standards (Details) $ in Millions	Dec. 15, 2022 USD ($)
Impact of New Accounting Standards [Abstract]
After tax decrease in retained earnings	$ 1.9

Investments - Fixed Maturities with Unrealized Losses (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Investments [Abstract]
Less than 12 months, fair value	$ 193,523,392	$ 271,495,566
Less than 12 months, unrealized losses	1,689,214	3,941,450
More than 12 months, fair value	636,135,304	870,569,627
More than 12 months, unrealized losses	64,044,189	107,605,587
U.S. Treasury Securities and Obligations of U.S. Government Corporations and Agencies [Member]
Investments [Abstract]
Less than 12 months, fair value	9,502,823	37,528,341
Less than 12 months, unrealized losses	45,722	349,573
More than 12 months, fair value	76,505,619	112,322,114
More than 12 months, unrealized losses	5,653,983	11,906,764
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions [Member]
Investments [Abstract]
Less than 12 months, fair value	34,777,933	37,674,513
Less than 12 months, unrealized losses	697,410	824,487
More than 12 months, fair value	287,717,398	292,851,970
More than 12 months, unrealized losses	40,486,664	57,536,389
Corporate Securities [Member]
Investments [Abstract]
Less than 12 months, fair value	47,139,104	83,342,468
Less than 12 months, unrealized losses	405,757	1,505,512
More than 12 months, fair value	183,025,525	311,435,364
More than 12 months, unrealized losses	8,995,417	20,371,228
Mortgage-Backed Securities [Member]
Investments [Abstract]
Less than 12 months, fair value	102,103,532	112,950,244
Less than 12 months, unrealized losses	540,325	1,261,878
More than 12 months, fair value	88,886,762	153,960,179
More than 12 months, unrealized losses	$ 8,908,125	$ 17,791,206

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 320
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 320
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 320
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
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-Subparagraph (aa)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 320
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (aaa)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 320
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 320
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 320
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 320
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-3

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 320
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-3

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 320
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-3

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 320
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 320
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-3

+ Details

Investments - Gross Investment Gains and Losses before Applicable Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Investments [Abstract]
Gross realized gains	$ 1,904,415	$ 403,539	$ 3,721,905
Gross realized losses	6,410,388	383,298	4,033,291
Net realized (losses) gains	(4,505,973)	20,241	(311,386)
Gross unrealized gains on equity securities	17,193,576	12,087,227
Gross unrealized losses on equity securities	(61,364)	(4,993)
Decrease (increase) in allowance for credit losses	75,337	(62,393)	(57,807)
Net investment gains	619,342	4,981,072	3,172,807
Change in difference between fair value and cost of investments	59,508,145	4,492,694	31,564,478
Fixed Maturities [Member]
Investments [Abstract]
Gross realized gains	1,217,434	113,699	1,059,244
Gross realized losses	6,410,388	288,008	3,300,351
Change in difference between fair value and cost of investments	54,458,167	(530,513)	28,839,658
Real Estate [Member]
Investments [Abstract]
Gross realized gains	686,981	289,840	2,662,661
Equity Securities [Member]
Investments [Abstract]
Gross realized losses	0	95,290	732,940
Gross unrealized gains on equity securities	5,111,342	5,028,206	3,651,125
Gross unrealized losses on equity securities	(61,364)	(4,982)	(109,125)
Change in difference between fair value and cost of investments	$ 5,049,978	$ 5,023,207	$ 2,724,820

Statutory Net Income, Capital and Surplus and Dividend Restrictions (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Statutory Net Income, Capital and Surplus and Dividend Restrictions [Abstract]

State Insurance Regulatory Authorities

	2025			2024			2023
Atlantic States:
Statutory capital and surplus	$	362,819,553		$	316,926,609		$	273,626,140
Statutory unassigned surplus		254,629,111			209,677,754			167,301,333
Statutory net income		50,777,668			40,741,454			7,193,716
MICO:
Statutory capital and surplus		84,874,639			74,616,370			71,608,571
Statutory unassigned surplus		62,848,338			52,590,070			49,582,271
Statutory net income		10,179,273			7,822,780			3,298,940
Peninsula:
Statutory capital and surplus		53,951,090			47,342,601			50,398,403
Statutory unassigned surplus		32,141,891			29,033,401			32,089,203
Statutory net income		3,300,002			2,140,162			4,121,754
Southern:
Statutory capital and surplus		84,343,888			70,050,664			68,041,175
Statutory unassigned surplus		(2,604,889	)		(16,898,113	)		(8,907,602	)
Statutory net income (loss)		14,145,857			(7,147,676	)		(16,927,267	)

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of how the entity's reporting under GAAP as of the balance sheet date differs from the results based on prescribed and permitted accounting practices of the state or country of domicile in which a relevant statutory filing is made, or differences in results based on the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) prescribed practices, or a combination thereof. Describes the accounting practices used and the related monetary effect on statutory surplus, net income, and risk-based capital. If an insurance enterprise's risk-based capital would have triggered a regulatory event had it not used a permitted practice, that fact is disclosed in the financial statements. Permitted statutory accounting practices include practices not prescribed but allowed by the domiciliary state insurance department regulatory authority.

+ References + Details

Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses - Supplementary Information about Average Historical Claims Duration (Details)	Dec. 31, 2025
Personal Automobile [Member]
Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses [Abstract]
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 1	65.70%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 2	17.40%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 3	9.10%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 4	4.20%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 5	2.00%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 6	0.80%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 7	0.50%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 8	0.20%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 9	0.00%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 10	0.00%
Homeowners [Member]
Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses [Abstract]
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 1	80.70%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 2	16.30%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 3	1.20%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 4	0.50%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 5	0.20%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 6	0.20%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 7	0.10%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 8	0.10%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 9	0.00%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 10	0.10%
Commercial Automobile [Member]
Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses [Abstract]
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 1	41.20%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 2	18.30%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 3	14.50%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 4	11.90%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 5	7.60%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 6	3.80%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 7	1.70%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 8	0.40%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 9	0.60%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 10	0.00%
Commercial Multi-Peril [Member]
Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses [Abstract]
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 1	42.80%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 2	18.50%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 3	9.90%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 4	10.40%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 5	7.00%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 6	4.70%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 7	2.60%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 8	1.80%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 9	0.30%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 10	0.00%
Workers' Compensation [Member]
Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses [Abstract]
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 1	30.00%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 2	32.40%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 3	15.20%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 4	8.30%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 5	3.40%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 6	2.30%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 7	1.20%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 8	0.90%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 9	0.60%
Average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance, year 10	0.70%

Guaranty Fund and Other Insurance-Related Assessments	12 Months Ended
Guaranty Fund and Other Insurance-Related Assessments	Dec. 31, 2025
Guaranty Fund and Other Insurance-Related Assessments [Abstract]
Guaranty Fund and Other Insurance-Related Assessments	19 - Guaranty Fund and Other Insurance-Related Assessments Our insurance subsidiaries’ liabilities for guaranty fund and other insurance-related assessments were $1.9 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024. These liabilities included $551,867 and $668,722 related to surcharges collected by our insurance subsidiaries on behalf of regulatory authorities for 2025 and 2024, respectively.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the types of coverages and products sold, and the assets, obligations, recorded liabilities, revenues and expenses arising therefrom, and the amounts of and methodologies and assumptions used in determining the amounts of such items.

+ References + Details

Transactions with Affiliates - Schedule of Effect of Affiliated Reinsurance Transactions on Net Premiums of Subsidiaries Earned (Details) - Insurance Subsidiaries [Member] - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Transactions with Affiliates [Abstract]
Assumed	$ 617,234,831	$ 611,864,614	$ 583,559,746
Ceded	(372,633,582)	(372,343,609)	(345,656,717)
Net	$ 244,601,249	$ 239,521,005	$ 237,903,029

- Definition

Amount of earned premiums ceded to other entities.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 605
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 14
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477548/944-605-55-14

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 944
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 11
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477548/944-605-55-11

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 605
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 15
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477548/944-605-55-15

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 944
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 12
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477548/944-605-55-12

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 944
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479838/944-20-50-1

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 605
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 1
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-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478832/944-605-45-1

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 944
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (a)
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478832/944-605-45-1

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 944
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479032/944-605-50-1

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 605
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (a)(2)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479032/944-605-50-1

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 235
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (SX 210.12-17(Column C))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477965/944-235-S99-2

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(1))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 605
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (c)(2)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479032/944-605-50-1

+ Details

Property and Equipment - Property and Equipment (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Property and Equipment [Abstract]
Property and equipment, Gross	$ 12,294,350	$ 12,293,925
Accumulated depreciation	(9,964,859)	(9,814,742)
Property and equipment, Net	2,329,491	2,479,183
Office Equipment [Member]
Property and Equipment [Abstract]
Property and equipment, Gross	$ 8,289,413	8,288,988
Office Equipment [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Property and Equipment [Abstract]
Estimated useful life	3 years
Office Equipment [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Property and Equipment [Abstract]
Estimated useful life	15 years
Automobiles [Member]
Property and Equipment [Abstract]
Property and equipment, Gross	$ 42,794	42,794
Estimated useful life	5 years
Real Estate [Member]
Property and Equipment [Abstract]
Property and equipment, Gross	$ 2,575,207	2,575,207
Real Estate [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Property and Equipment [Abstract]
Estimated useful life	5 years
Real Estate [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Property and Equipment [Abstract]
Estimated useful life	50 years
Software [Member]
Property and Equipment [Abstract]
Property and equipment, Gross	$ 1,386,936	$ 1,386,936
Estimated useful life	5 years

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Fixed maturities
Held to maturity, at amortized cost (fair value $731,659,323 and $631,568,929; net of allowance for expected credit losses of $1,312,903 and $1,388,240)	$ 776,447,347	$ 705,713,916
Available for sale, at fair value (amortized cost $650,370,011 and $652,564,965)	640,722,775	617,891,862
Equity securities, at fair value	44,370,358	36,807,810
Short-term investments, at cost, which approximates fair value	38,712,341	24,558,744
Total investments	1,500,252,821	1,384,972,332
Cash	26,785,845	52,925,931
Accrued investment income	10,914,235	10,361,959
Premiums receivable	180,803,918	181,106,519
Reinsurance receivable (net of allowance for expected credit losses of $374,883 and $391,432)	398,582,136	420,741,855
Deferred policy acquisition costs	68,669,982	73,346,967
Deferred tax asset, net	13,287,301	18,769,861
Prepaid reinsurance premiums	171,083,219	176,161,872
Property and equipment, net	2,329,491	2,479,183
Accounts receivable - securities	0	24,924
Federal income taxes recoverable	4,028,034	0
Due from affiliate	3,299,188	8,410,090
Goodwill	5,625,354	5,625,354
Other intangible assets	958,010	958,010
Other	9,918	147,126
Total assets	2,386,629,452	2,336,031,983
Liabilities
Losses and loss expenses	1,100,049,937	1,120,985,050
Unearned premiums	591,040,451	612,476,068
Accrued expenses	2,220,800	2,916,705
Reinsurance balances payable	3,484,130	4,345,426
Borrowings under lines of credit	35,000,000	35,000,000
Cash dividends declared to stockholders	6,647,482	6,031,078
Federal income taxes payable	0	356,103
Other	7,768,573	8,145,422
Total liabilities	1,746,211,373	1,790,255,852
Stockholders’ Equity
Preferred stock, $.01 par value, authorized 2,000,000 shares; none issued	0	0
Additional paid-in capital	391,811,397	369,679,946
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(8,295,743)	(28,200,481)
Retained earnings	297,728,438	245,136,987
Treasury stock, at cost	(41,226,357)	(41,226,357)
Total stockholders’ equity	640,418,079	545,776,131
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	2,386,629,452	2,336,031,983
Class A Common Stock [Member]
Stockholders’ Equity
Common stock value	343,852	329,544
Class B Common Stock [Member]
Stockholders’ Equity
Common stock value	$ 56,492	$ 56,492

Property and Equipment (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Property and Equipment [Abstract]

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment at December 31, 2025 and 2024 consisted of the following:

	2025			2024			Estimated Useful Life
Office equipment	$	8,289,413		$	8,288,988		3-15 years
Automobiles		42,794			42,794		5 years
Real estate		2,575,207			2,575,207		5-50 years
Software		1,386,936			1,386,936		5 years
		12,294,350			12,293,925
Accumulated depreciation		(9,964,859	)		(9,814,742	)
	$	2,329,491		$	2,479,183

Stock Compensation Plans - Information Regarding Activity in Stock Option Plans (Details) - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Stock Compensation Plans [Abstract]
Outstanding beginning balance (in Shares)	3,486,493	5,052,328	6,382,179
Outstanding beginning balance (in Dollars per share)	$ 14.57	$ 14.58	$ 14.94
Granted (in Shares)	900	910,100	959,200
Granted (in Dollars per share)	$ 15.76	$ 15.76	$ 13.87
Exercised (in Shares)	(1,319,754)	(2,035,226)	(493,866)
Exercised (in Dollars per share)	$ 14.36	$ 15.06	$ 13.79
Forfeited (in Shares)	(83,800)	(211,400)	(379,288)
Forfeited (in Dollars per share)	$ 14.53	$ 14.19	$ 15.29
Expired (in Shares)	(12,300)	(229,309)	(1,415,897)
Expired (in Dollars per share)	$ 14.43	$ 15.63	$ 15.81
Outstanding ending balance (in Shares)	2,071,539	3,486,493	5,052,328
Outstanding ending balance (in Dollars per share)	$ 14.71	$ 14.57	$ 14.58
Number of options exercisable (in Shares)	1,331,747	1,792,942	3,234,327
Exercisable (in Dollars per share)	$ 14.41	$ 14.24	$ 14.9

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
Insider Trading Arrangements	Dec. 31, 2025
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

Segment Information (Details)	12 Months Ended
Segment Information (Details)	Dec. 31, 2025 Segment
Segment Information [Abstract]
Number of reportable segments	3

Transactions with Affiliates

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Transactions with Affiliates [Abstract]

Transactions with Affiliates

3 - Transactions with Affiliates

Our insurance subsidiaries conduct business and have various agreements with Donegal Mutual that we describe in the following subparagraphs:

a. Reinsurance Pooling and Other Reinsurance Arrangements

Atlantic States, our largest insurance subsidiary, and Donegal Mutual have a pooling agreement under which both companies contribute substantially all of their direct written business to the pool and receive an allocated percentage of the pooled underwriting results, excluding certain reinsurance Donegal Mutual assumes from our insurance subsidiaries. In addition, Donegal Mutual has 100% quota-share reinsurance agreements with Southern Mutual and the Mountain States insurance subsidiaries, and Donegal Mutual places the business of Southern Mutual and the Mountain States insurance subsidiaries into the underwriting pool. Atlantic States has an 80% share of the results of the pool, and Donegal Mutual has a 20% share of the results of the pool. The intent of the pooling agreement is to produce more uniform and stable underwriting results from year to year for each pool participant than they would experience individually and to spread the risk of loss between the participants based on each participant’s relative amount of surplus and relative access to capital. Each participant in the pool has at its disposal the capacity of the entire pool, rather than being limited to policy exposures of a size commensurate with its own capital and surplus.

The following amounts represent reinsurance Atlantic States ceded to the pool during 2025, 2024 and 2023:

	2025		2024		2023
Premiums earned	$	358,244,537	$	358,062,827	$	332,272,662
Losses and loss expenses		201,642,149		201,030,943		238,055,099
Prepaid reinsurance premiums		164,949,115		169,621,545		161,991,511
Liability for losses and loss expenses		297,962,299		297,955,741		299,947,390

The following amounts represent reinsurance Atlantic States assumed from the pool during 2025, 2024 and 2023:

	2025		2024		2023
Premiums earned	$	617,234,831	$	611,864,614	$	583,559,746
Losses and loss expenses		345,976,565		354,052,955		409,051,306
Unearned premiums		289,441,497		297,493,977		286,147,727
Liability for losses and loss expenses		518,833,183		517,975,350		507,527,839

Donegal Mutual and MICO had a quota-share reinsurance agreement under which Donegal Mutual assumed 25% of the premiums and losses related to the business of MICO for policies effective through December 31, 2021. Donegal Mutual and MICO terminated this reinsurance agreement on a run-off basis effective January 1, 2022. Donegal Mutual and Peninsula had a quota-share reinsurance agreement under which Donegal Mutual assumed 100% of the premiums and losses related to the workers’ compensation product line of Peninsula in certain states for policies effective through December 31, 2021. Donegal Mutual and Peninsula terminated this reinsurance agreement on a run-off basis effective January 1, 2022. Donegal Mutual places its assumed business from MICO and Peninsula into the underwriting pool.

The following amounts represent reinsurance ceded to Donegal Mutual pursuant to these quota-share reinsurance agreements during 2025, 2024 and 2023:

	2025			2024			2023
Premiums earned	$	(32,160	)	$	19,517		$	168,243
Losses and loss expenses		2,383,014			(3,095,130	)		2,902,422
Liability for losses and loss expenses		8,814,047			10,450,447			17,852,153

In 2025, 2024, and 2023, each of our insurance subsidiaries had a catastrophe reinsurance agreement with Donegal Mutual that provided coverage under any one catastrophic occurrence above a set retention of $3,000,000, with a combined retention of $6,000,000 for a catastrophe involving a combination of our insurance subsidiaries, up to the amount Donegal Mutual and our insurance subsidiaries retained under catastrophe reinsurance agreements with unaffiliated reinsurers. In 2025, Southern, MICO and The Peninsula Insurance Company also had a liability reinsurance agreement with Donegal Mutual that provided coverage up to $3,000,000 per occurrence over a set retention of $3,000,000.

The following amounts represent reinsurance that our insurance subsidiaries ceded to Donegal Mutual pursuant to these reinsurance agreements during 2025, 2024 and 2023:

	2025		2024		2023
Premiums earned	$	14,421,205	$	14,261,265	$	13,215,814
Losses and loss expenses		1,656,685		19,454,584		17,895,306
Liability for losses and loss expenses		1,474,118		6,876,255		2,497,244

The following amounts represent the effect of affiliated reinsurance transactions on net premiums our insurance subsidiaries earned during 2025, 2024 and 2023:

	2025			2024			2023
Assumed	$	617,234,831		$	611,864,614		$	583,559,746
Ceded		(372,633,582	)		(372,343,609	)		(345,656,717	)
Net	$	244,601,249		$	239,521,005		$	237,903,029

The following amounts represent the effect of affiliated reinsurance transactions on net losses and loss expenses our insurance subsidiaries incurred during 2025, 2024 and 2023:

	2025			2024			2023
Assumed	$	345,976,565		$	354,052,955		$	409,051,306
Ceded		(205,681,848	)		(217,390,397	)		(258,852,827	)
Net	$	140,294,717		$	136,662,558		$	150,198,479

b. Expense Sharing

Donegal Mutual provides facilities, management and other services to us and our insurance subsidiaries. In addition, Donegal Mutual purchases and maintains the information technology systems that support the business of Donegal Mutual and our insurance subsidiaries. Donegal Mutual allocates certain related expenses to Atlantic States in relation to the relative participation of Atlantic States and Donegal Mutual in the pooling agreement. Our insurance subsidiaries other than Atlantic States reimburse Donegal Mutual for allocated costs of services Donegal Mutual provides on their behalf based on their proportion of the total direct premiums written of the Donegal Insurance Group and other metrics. Donegal Mutual allocates costs related to its development and maintenance of information technology systems over the estimated useful life of those systems (generally five years) and charges a proportionate share of those costs to our insurance subsidiaries based on their percentage of the total net premiums written of the Donegal Insurance Group. Allocated expenses from Donegal Mutual for services it provided to our insurance subsidiaries totaled $224,811,543, $224,565,390 and $218,974,132 for 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Donegal Mutual completed all major development activities related to the multi-year effort to modernize certain of its key technology infrastructure and application systems. Donegal Mutual placed several releases of new systems into service beginning in 2020 and ending with the two final releases in 2025. Donegal Mutual allocated $11.3 million, $12.3 million and $10.5 million of related costs to our insurance subsidiaries in 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Donegal Mutual will allocate to our insurance subsidiaries their proportionate share of the remaining $45.6 million of related costs over the next five years.

Our management believes that the allocation methods Donegal Mutual utilizes are reasonable. In addition, Donegal Mutual and we maintain a coordinating committee that consists of two members of our board of directors, neither of whom is a member of Donegal Mutual’s board of directors, and two members of Donegal Mutual’s board of directors, neither of whom is a member of our board of directors. The purpose of the coordinating committee is to maintain a process for an ongoing evaluation of the fairness of the terms of all transactions between Donegal Mutual and our insurance subsidiaries.

c. Lease Agreement

We lease office equipment with terms ranging from 3 to 10 years to Donegal Mutual under a lease agreement effective January 1, 2020.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for related party transactions. Examples of related party transactions include transactions between (a) a parent company and its subsidiary; (b) subsidiaries of a common parent; (c) and entity and its principal owners; and (d) affiliates.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 850
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483326/850-10-50-1

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480990/946-20-50-2

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 5
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480990/946-20-50-5

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480990/946-20-50-6

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 235
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477968/946-235-50-2

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 235
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (e)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477968/946-235-50-2

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-07(2)(g)(3))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-07(2)(c))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-07(2)(e))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 850
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/850/tableOfContent

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 850
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483326/850-10-50-6

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 850
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483326/850-10-50-1

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 850
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483326/850-10-50-1

+ Details

Statutory Net Income, Capital and Surplus and Dividend Restrictions (Details) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2025 USD ($)
Statutory Net Income, Capital and Surplus and Dividend Restrictions [Abstract]
Available for distribution as dividends	$ 66.4
Atlantic States [Member]
Statutory Net Income, Capital and Surplus and Dividend Restrictions [Abstract]
Available for distribution as dividends	50.8
MICO [Member]
Statutory Net Income, Capital and Surplus and Dividend Restrictions [Abstract]
Available for distribution as dividends	10.2
Peninsula [Member]
Statutory Net Income, Capital and Surplus and Dividend Restrictions [Abstract]
Available for distribution as dividends	$ 5.4

Investments

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Investments [Abstract]

Investments

4 - Investments

The amortized cost and estimated fair values of our fixed maturities at December 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:

	2025
	Carrying Value		Allowance for Credit Losses		Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value

Held to Maturity
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	79,242,467	$	47,257	$	79,289,724	$	84,055	$	4,864,438	$	74,509,341
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		436,802,311		357,188		437,159,499		3,221,019		39,248,172		401,132,346
Corporate securities		252,098,474		903,506		253,001,980		2,211,196		7,422,745		247,790,431
Mortgage-backed securities		8,304,095		4,952		8,309,047		66,156		147,998		8,227,205
Totals	$	776,447,347	$	1,312,903	$	777,760,250	$	5,582,426	$	51,683,353	$	731,659,323

	2025
Available for Sale	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	25,057,361	$	107,304	$	835,267	$	24,329,398
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		49,982,079		504,540		1,935,902		48,550,717
Corporate securities		132,203,204		699,686		1,978,429		130,924,461
Mortgage-backed securities		443,127,367		3,091,284		9,300,452		436,918,199
Totals	$	650,370,011	$	4,402,814	$	14,050,050	$	640,722,775

	2024
	Carrying Value		Allowance for Credit Losses		Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value

Held to Maturity
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	86,579,024	$	51,632	$	86,630,656	$	—	$	8,484,505	$	78,146,151
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		371,895,483		259,896		372,155,379		649,770		54,062,089		318,743,060
Corporate securities		236,550,262		1,070,337		237,620,599		272,817		13,607,632		224,285,784
Mortgage-backed securities		10,689,147		6,375		10,695,522		—		301,588		10,393,934
Totals	$	705,713,916	$	1,388,240	$	707,102,156	$	922,587	$	76,455,814	$	631,568,929

	2024
Available for Sale	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	87,514,016	$	50,451	$	3,771,832	$	83,792,635
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		41,693,772		9,435		4,298,787		37,404,420
Corporate securities		211,059,119		141,685		8,269,108		202,931,696
Mortgage-backed securities		312,298,058		216,549		18,751,496		293,763,111
Totals	$	652,564,965	$	418,120	$	35,091,223	$	617,891,862

At December 31, 2025, our holdings of obligations of states and political subdivisions included general obligation bonds with an aggregate fair value of $291.7 million and an amortized cost of $317.5 million. Our holdings also included special revenue bonds with an aggregate fair value of $158.0 million and an amortized cost of $169.6 million. With respect to both categories of bonds, we held no securities of any issuer that comprised more than 10% of that category at December 31, 2025. Education bonds and water and sewer utility bonds represented 42% and 32%, respectively, of our total investments in special revenue bonds based on their carrying values at December 31, 2025. Many of the issuers of the special revenue bonds we held at December 31, 2025 have the authority to impose ad valorem taxes. In that respect, many of the special revenue bonds we held are similar to general obligation bonds.

At December 31, 2024, our holdings of obligations of states and political subdivisions included general obligation bonds with an aggregate fair value of $233.1 million and an amortized cost of $272.5 million. Our holdings also included special revenue bonds with an aggregate fair value of $123.0 million and an amortized cost of $141.3 million. With respect to both categories of bonds, we held no securities of any issuer that comprised more than 10% of that category at December 31, 2024. Education bonds and water and sewer utility bonds represented 44% and 37%, respectively, of our total investments in special revenue bonds based on their carrying values at December 31, 2024. Many of the issuers of the special revenue bonds we held at December 31, 2024 have the authority to impose ad valorem taxes. In that respect, many of the special revenue bonds we held are similar to general obligation bonds.

We have segregated within accumulated other comprehensive loss the net unrealized losses of $15.1 million arising prior to the November 30, 2013 reclassification date for fixed maturities reclassified from available for sale to held to maturity. We are amortizing this balance over the remaining life of the related securities as an adjustment of yield in a manner consistent with the accretion of discount on the same fixed maturities. We recorded amortization of $181,869, $219,583 and $284,095 in other comprehensive income in 2025, 2024 and 2023, respectively. At December 31, 2025 and 2024, net unrealized losses of $853,706 and $1.0 million, respectively, remained within accumulated other comprehensive loss.

We set forth below the amortized cost and estimated fair value of fixed maturities at December 31, 2025 by contractual maturity. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

	Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value
Held to maturity
Due in one year or less	$	9,858,728	$	9,844,359
Due after one year through five years		169,072,060		163,642,082
Due after five years through ten years		239,817,355		231,085,406
Due after ten years		350,703,060		318,860,271
Mortgage-backed securities		8,309,047		8,227,205
Total held to maturity	$	777,760,250	$	731,659,323
Available for sale
Due in one year or less	$	18,784,118	$	18,750,756
Due after one year through five years		48,817,652		48,465,558
Due after five years through ten years		86,158,680		84,052,777
Due after ten years		53,482,194		52,535,485
Mortgage-backed securities		443,127,367		436,918,199
Total available for sale	$	650,370,011	$	640,722,775

The cost and estimated fair values of our equity securities at December 31, 2025 were as follows:

	Cost		Gross Gains		Gross Losses		Estimated Fair Value

Equity securities	$	27,238,146	$	17,193,576	$	61,364	$	44,370,358

The cost and estimated fair values of our equity securities at December 31, 2024 were as follows:

	Cost		Gross Gains		Gross Losses		Estimated Fair Value

Equity securities	$	24,725,576	$	12,087,227	$	4,993	$	36,807,810

The amortized cost of fixed maturities on deposit with various regulatory authorities at December 31, 2025 and 2024 amounted to $10,316,907 and $10,323,629, respectively.

We derived net investment income, consisting primarily of interest and dividends, from the following sources:

	2025			2024			2023
Fixed maturities	$	50,881,739		$	44,450,895		$	40,445,697
Equity securities		814,239			710,333			765,881
Short-term investments		5,165,683			3,621,766			2,471,998
Other		29,250			29,250			29,250
Investment income		56,890,911			48,812,244			43,712,826
Investment expenses		(4,264,196	)		(3,894,082	)		(2,859,611	)
Net investment income	$	52,626,715		$	44,918,162		$	40,853,215

We present below gross gains and losses from investments and the change in the difference between fair value and cost of investments:

	2025			2024			2023
Gross realized gains:
Fixed maturities	$	1,217,434		$	113,699		$	1,059,244
Equity securities		686,981			289,840			2,662,661
		1,904,415			403,539			3,721,905
Gross realized losses:
Fixed maturities		6,410,388			288,008			3,300,351
Equity securities		—			95,290			732,940
		6,410,388			383,298			4,033,291
Net realized (losses) gains		(4,505,973	)		20,241			(311,386	)
Gross unrealized gains on equity securities		5,111,342			5,028,206			3,651,125
Gross unrealized losses on equity securities		(61,364	)		(4,982	)		(109,125	)
Decrease (increase) in allowance for credit losses		75,337			(62,393	)		(57,807	)
Net investment gains	$	619,342		$	4,981,072		$	3,172,807

Change in difference between fair value and cost of investments:
Fixed maturities	$	54,458,167		$	(530,513	)	$	28,839,658
Equity securities		5,049,978			5,023,207			2,724,820
Totals	$	59,508,145		$	4,492,694		$	31,564,478

We held fixed maturities with unrealized losses representing declines that we considered temporary at December 31, 2025 as follows:

	Less than 12 months				12 months or longer
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	9,502,823	$	45,722	$	76,505,619	$	5,653,983
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		34,777,933		697,410		287,717,398		40,486,664
Corporate securities		47,139,104		405,757		183,025,525		8,995,417
Mortgage-backed securities		102,103,532		540,325		88,886,762		8,908,125
Totals	$	193,523,392	$	1,689,214	$	636,135,304	$	64,044,189

We held fixed maturities with unrealized losses representing declines that we considered temporary at December 31, 2024 as follows:

	Less than 12 months				12 months or longer
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	37,528,341	$	349,573	$	112,322,114	$	11,906,764
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		37,674,513		824,487		292,851,970		57,536,389
Corporate securities		83,342,468		1,505,512		311,435,364		20,371,228
Mortgage-backed securities		112,950,244		1,261,878		153,960,179		17,791,206
Totals	$	271,495,566	$	3,941,450	$	870,569,627	$	107,605,587

We held 638 debt securities that were in an unrealized loss position at December 31, 2025. Based upon our analysis of general market conditions and underlying factors impacting these debt securities, we considered these declines in value to be temporary.

We did not recognize any impairment losses on specific securities in 2025, 2024 or 2023. We had no sales or transfers from our held to maturity portfolio in 2025, 2024 or 2023. We had no derivative instruments or hedging activities during 2025, 2024 or 2023.

Stock Compensation Plans - Summary of Plan Activity (Details) - Employee Stock Purchase Plan [Member]	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025 $ / shares shares
January 1, 2023 [Member]
Stock Compensation Plans [Abstract]
Shares issued price (in Dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 12.07
Shares issued (in Shares) \| shares	26,545
July 1, 2023 [Member]
Stock Compensation Plans [Abstract]
Shares issued price (in Dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 12.27
Shares issued (in Shares) \| shares	28,912
January 1, 2024 [Member]
Stock Compensation Plans [Abstract]
Shares issued price (in Dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 11.89
Shares issued (in Shares) \| shares	29,787
July 1, 2024 [Member]
Stock Compensation Plans [Abstract]
Shares issued price (in Dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 10.95
Shares issued (in Shares) \| shares	33,899
January 1, 2025 [Member]
Stock Compensation Plans [Abstract]
Shares issued price (in Dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 11.25
Shares issued (in Shares) \| shares	28,500
July 1, 2025 [Member]
Stock Compensation Plans [Abstract]
Shares issued price (in Dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 14.14
Shares issued (in Shares) \| shares	25,328

Earnings Per Share

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

16 - Earnings Per Share

We have two classes of common stock, which we refer to as Class A common stock and Class B common stock. Our Class A common stock is entitled to be paid cash dividends that are at least 10% higher than the cash dividends we pay on our Class B common stock. Accordingly, we use the two-class method for the computation of earnings per common share. The two-class method is an earnings allocation formula that determines earnings per share separately for each class of common stock based on dividends declared and an allocation of remaining undistributed earnings using a participation percentage reflecting the dividend rights of each class.

We present below a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators we used in the basic and diluted per share computations for our Class A common stock:

	Year Ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2023
Basic earnings per share:
Numerator:
Allocation of net income	$	68,150	$	43,178	$	3,788
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares outstanding		30,744		28,155		27,469
Basic earnings per share	$	2.22	$	1.53	$	0.14
Diluted earnings per share:
Numerator:
Allocation of net income	$	68,150	$	43,178	$	3,788
Denominator:
Number of shares used in basic computation		30,744		28,155		27,469
Weighted-average effect of dilutive securities
Add: Director and employee stock options		502		91		94
Number of shares used in per share computations		31,246		28,246		27,563
Diluted earnings per share	$	2.18	$	1.53	$	0.14

We used the following information in the basic and diluted per share computations for our Class B common stock:

	Year Ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2023
Basic and diluted earnings per share:
Numerator:
Allocation of net income	$	11,191	$	7,684	$	638
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares outstanding		5,577		5,577		5,577
Basic and diluted earnings per share	$	2.01	$	1.38	$	0.11

Transactions with Affiliates - Schedule of Effect of Affiliated Reinsurance Transactions on Net Losses and Loss Expenses Insurance Subsidiaries Incurred (Details) - Insurance Subsidiaries [Member] - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Transactions with Affiliates [Abstract]
Assumed	$ 345,976,565	$ 354,052,955	$ 409,051,306
Ceded	(205,681,848)	(217,390,397)	(258,852,827)
Net	$ 140,294,717	$ 136,662,558	$ 150,198,479

Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses - Summary of Insurance Subsidiaries' Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Liability for Losses and Loss Expenses [Abstract]
Balance at January 1	$ 1,120,985,050	$ 1,126,156,838	$ 1,121,045,758
Less reinsurance recoverable	(416,621,377)	(437,013,974)	(451,184,222)
Cumulative effect of adoption of updated accounting guidance for credit losses at January 1	0	0	1,131,836
Net balance at January 1	704,363,673	689,142,864
Net balance at January 1			670,993,372
Incurred related to:
Current year	574,599,658	619,089,646	625,831,043
Prior years	(10,267,402)	(14,971,930)	(16,653,344)
Total incurred	564,332,256	604,117,716	609,177,699
Paid related to:
Current year	286,140,139	319,195,507	330,290,039
Prior years	277,359,789	269,701,400	260,738,168
Total paid	563,499,928	588,896,907	591,028,207
Net balance at December 31	705,196,001	704,363,673	689,142,864
Plus reinsurance recoverable	394,853,936	416,621,377	437,013,974
Balance at December 31	$ 1,100,049,937	$ 1,120,985,050	$ 1,126,156,838

Transactions with Affiliates - Schedule of Reinsurance Atlantic States Assumed from Pool (Details) - Affiliated Entity [Member] - Atlantic States [Member] - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Transactions with Affiliates [Abstract]
Premiums earned	$ 617,234,831	$ 611,864,614	$ 583,559,746
Losses and loss expenses	345,976,565	354,052,955	409,051,306
Unearned premiums	289,441,497	297,493,977	286,147,727
Liability for losses and loss expenses	$ 518,833,183	$ 517,975,350	$ 507,527,839

Reconciliation of Statutory Filings to Amounts Reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Reconciliation of Statutory Filings to Amounts Reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements [Abstract]

Reconciliation of Statutory Filings to Amounts Reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements

15 - Reconciliation of Statutory Filings to Amounts Reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements

Our insurance subsidiaries must file financial statements with state insurance regulatory authorities using accounting principles and practices prescribed or permitted by those authorities. We refer to these accounting principles and practices as statutory accounting principles (“SAP”). Accounting principles used to prepare these SAP financial statements differ from those used to prepare financial statements on the basis of GAAP.

	Year Ended December 31,
	2025			2024			2023
Statutory net income (loss) of insurance subsidiaries	$	78,402,800		$	43,556,720		$	(2,312,857	)
Increases (decreases):
Deferred policy acquisition costs		(4,676,985	)		(1,696,437	)		1,873,174
Deferred federal income taxes		(188,935	)		481,744			(229,397	)
Salvage and subrogation recoverable		585,000			3,674,600			3,644,800
Consolidating eliminations and adjustments		(4,845,000	)		(9,024,921	)		(10,574,579	)
Parent-only net income		10,063,860			13,870,546			12,024,363
Net income	$	79,340,740		$	50,862,252		$	4,425,504

	December 31,
	2025			2024			2023
Statutory capital and surplus of insurance subsidiaries	$	585,989,170		$	508,936,244		$	463,674,289
Increases (decreases):
Deferred policy acquisition costs		68,669,982			73,346,967			75,043,404
Deferred federal income taxes		(17,425,614	)		(13,302,370	)		(13,072,768	)
Salvage and subrogation recoverable		36,610,600			36,025,600			32,351,000
Non-admitted assets and other adjustments, net		1,893,396			1,722,807			1,328,142
Fixed maturities		(11,733,641	)		(33,993,851	)		(41,036,366	)
Parent-only equity and other adjustments		(23,585,814	)		(26,959,266	)		(38,542,347	)
Stockholders’ equity	$	640,418,079		$	545,776,131		$	479,745,354

Condensed Financial Information of Parent Company

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Condensed Financial Information of Parent Company [Abstract]

Condensed Financial Information of Parent Company

17 - Condensed Financial Information of Parent Company

Condensed Balance Sheets

(in thousands)

December 31,	2025		2024
Assets
Investment in subsidiaries/affiliates (equity method)	$	653,075	$	559,452
Short-term investments		21,996		6,551
Cash		5,467		20,014
Property and equipment		270		385
Other		2,898		2,013
Total assets	$	683,706	$	588,415

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Liabilities
Cash dividends declared to stockholders	$	6,647	$	6,031
Notes payable to subsidiary		35,000		35,000
Other		1,641		1,608
Total liabilities		43,288		42,639
Stockholders’ equity		640,418		545,776
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	683,706	$	588,415

Condensed Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income

(in thousands)

Year Ended December 31,	2025			2024			2023
Statements of Income
Revenues
Dividends from subsidiaries	$	10,000		$	15,000		$	13,000
Other		1,299			669			638
Total revenues		11,299			15,669			13,638
Expenses
Operating expenses		1,265			1,314			1,202
Interest		1,529			1,120			787
Total expenses		2,794			2,434			1,989
Income before income tax benefit and equity in undistributed net income (loss) of subsidiaries		8,505			13,235			11,649
Income tax benefit		(1,559	)		(635	)		(375	)
Income before equity in undistributed net income (loss) of subsidiaries		10,064			13,870			12,024
Equity in undistributed net income (loss) of subsidiaries		69,277			36,992			(7,598	)
Net income	$	79,341		$	50,862		$	4,426
Statements of Comprehensive Income
Net income	$	79,341		$	50,862		$	4,426
Other comprehensive income, net of tax
Unrealized gain - subsidiaries		19,905			4,681			6,018
Other comprehensive income, net of tax		19,905			4,681			6,018
Comprehensive income	$	99,246		$	55,543		$	10,444

Condensed Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)

Year Ended December 31,	2025			2024			2023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	79,341		$	50,862		$	4,426
Adjustments:
Equity in undistributed net (income) loss of subsidiaries		(69,277	)		(36,992	)		7,598
Other		(738	)		3,159			(168	)
Net adjustments		(70,015	)		(33,833	)		7,430
Net cash provided		9,326			17,029			11,856
Cash flows from investing activities:
Net (purchase) sale of short-term investments		(15,445	)		(5,082	)		5,856
Net purchase of property and equipment		—			—			(45	)
Investment in subsidiaries		(4,441	)		(10,924	)		(819	)
Other		—			—			30
Net cash (used) received		(19,886	)		(16,006	)		5,022
Cash flows from financing activities:
Cash dividends paid		(25,674	)		(22,701	)		(21,894	)
Issuance of common stock		21,687			33,649			9,771
Net cash (used) received		(3,987	)		10,948			(12,123	)
Net change in cash		(14,547	)		11,971			4,755
Cash at beginning of year		20,014			8,043			3,288
Cash at end of year	$	5,467		$	20,014		$	8,043

Investments (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Investments [Abstract]

Amortized Cost and Estimated Fair Values of Fixed Maturities

The amortized cost and estimated fair values of our fixed maturities at December 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:

	2025
	Carrying Value		Allowance for Credit Losses		Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value

Held to Maturity
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	79,242,467	$	47,257	$	79,289,724	$	84,055	$	4,864,438	$	74,509,341
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		436,802,311		357,188		437,159,499		3,221,019		39,248,172		401,132,346
Corporate securities		252,098,474		903,506		253,001,980		2,211,196		7,422,745		247,790,431
Mortgage-backed securities		8,304,095		4,952		8,309,047		66,156		147,998		8,227,205
Totals	$	776,447,347	$	1,312,903	$	777,760,250	$	5,582,426	$	51,683,353	$	731,659,323

	2025
Available for Sale	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	25,057,361	$	107,304	$	835,267	$	24,329,398
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		49,982,079		504,540		1,935,902		48,550,717
Corporate securities		132,203,204		699,686		1,978,429		130,924,461
Mortgage-backed securities		443,127,367		3,091,284		9,300,452		436,918,199
Totals	$	650,370,011	$	4,402,814	$	14,050,050	$	640,722,775

	2024
	Carrying Value		Allowance for Credit Losses		Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value

Held to Maturity
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	86,579,024	$	51,632	$	86,630,656	$	—	$	8,484,505	$	78,146,151
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		371,895,483		259,896		372,155,379		649,770		54,062,089		318,743,060
Corporate securities		236,550,262		1,070,337		237,620,599		272,817		13,607,632		224,285,784
Mortgage-backed securities		10,689,147		6,375		10,695,522		—		301,588		10,393,934
Totals	$	705,713,916	$	1,388,240	$	707,102,156	$	922,587	$	76,455,814	$	631,568,929

	2024
Available for Sale	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	87,514,016	$	50,451	$	3,771,832	$	83,792,635
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		41,693,772		9,435		4,298,787		37,404,420
Corporate securities		211,059,119		141,685		8,269,108		202,931,696
Mortgage-backed securities		312,298,058		216,549		18,751,496		293,763,111
Totals	$	652,564,965	$	418,120	$	35,091,223	$	617,891,862

Amortized Cost and Estimated Fair Value of Fixed Maturities by Contractual Maturity

	Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value
Held to maturity
Due in one year or less	$	9,858,728	$	9,844,359
Due after one year through five years		169,072,060		163,642,082
Due after five years through ten years		239,817,355		231,085,406
Due after ten years		350,703,060		318,860,271
Mortgage-backed securities		8,309,047		8,227,205
Total held to maturity	$	777,760,250	$	731,659,323
Available for sale
Due in one year or less	$	18,784,118	$	18,750,756
Due after one year through five years		48,817,652		48,465,558
Due after five years through ten years		86,158,680		84,052,777
Due after ten years		53,482,194		52,535,485
Mortgage-backed securities		443,127,367		436,918,199
Total available for sale	$	650,370,011	$	640,722,775

Cost and Estimated Fair Values of Equity Securities

The cost and estimated fair values of our equity securities at December 31, 2025 were as follows:

	Cost		Gross Gains		Gross Losses		Estimated Fair Value

Equity securities	$	27,238,146	$	17,193,576	$	61,364	$	44,370,358

The cost and estimated fair values of our equity securities at December 31, 2024 were as follows:

	Cost		Gross Gains		Gross Losses		Estimated Fair Value

Equity securities	$	24,725,576	$	12,087,227	$	4,993	$	36,807,810

Net Investment Income, Consisting Primarily of Interest and Dividends

We derived net investment income, consisting primarily of interest and dividends, from the following sources:

	2025			2024			2023
Fixed maturities	$	50,881,739		$	44,450,895		$	40,445,697
Equity securities		814,239			710,333			765,881
Short-term investments		5,165,683			3,621,766			2,471,998
Other		29,250			29,250			29,250
Investment income		56,890,911			48,812,244			43,712,826
Investment expenses		(4,264,196	)		(3,894,082	)		(2,859,611	)
Net investment income	$	52,626,715		$	44,918,162		$	40,853,215

Gross Investment Gains and Losses before Applicable Income Taxes

We present below gross gains and losses from investments and the change in the difference between fair value and cost of investments:

	2025			2024			2023
Gross realized gains:
Fixed maturities	$	1,217,434		$	113,699		$	1,059,244
Equity securities		686,981			289,840			2,662,661
		1,904,415			403,539			3,721,905
Gross realized losses:
Fixed maturities		6,410,388			288,008			3,300,351
Equity securities		—			95,290			732,940
		6,410,388			383,298			4,033,291
Net realized (losses) gains		(4,505,973	)		20,241			(311,386	)
Gross unrealized gains on equity securities		5,111,342			5,028,206			3,651,125
Gross unrealized losses on equity securities		(61,364	)		(4,982	)		(109,125	)
Decrease (increase) in allowance for credit losses		75,337			(62,393	)		(57,807	)
Net investment gains	$	619,342		$	4,981,072		$	3,172,807

Change in difference between fair value and cost of investments:
Fixed maturities	$	54,458,167		$	(530,513	)	$	28,839,658
Equity securities		5,049,978			5,023,207			2,724,820
Totals	$	59,508,145		$	4,492,694		$	31,564,478

Fixed Maturities with Unrealized Losses

We held fixed maturities with unrealized losses representing declines that we considered temporary at December 31, 2025 as follows:

	Less than 12 months				12 months or longer
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	9,502,823	$	45,722	$	76,505,619	$	5,653,983
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		34,777,933		697,410		287,717,398		40,486,664
Corporate securities		47,139,104		405,757		183,025,525		8,995,417
Mortgage-backed securities		102,103,532		540,325		88,886,762		8,908,125
Totals	$	193,523,392	$	1,689,214	$	636,135,304	$	64,044,189

We held fixed maturities with unrealized losses representing declines that we considered temporary at December 31, 2024 as follows:

	Less than 12 months				12 months or longer
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies	$	37,528,341	$	349,573	$	112,322,114	$	11,906,764
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		37,674,513		824,487		292,851,970		57,536,389
Corporate securities		83,342,468		1,505,512		311,435,364		20,371,228
Mortgage-backed securities		112,950,244		1,261,878		153,960,179		17,791,206
Totals	$	271,495,566	$	3,941,450	$	870,569,627	$	107,605,587

SCHEDULE III — SUPPLEMENTARY INSURANCE INFORMATION - SUPPLEMENTARY INSURANCE INFORMATION (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
SCHEDULE III - SUPPLEMENTARY INSURANCE INFORMATION [Abstract]
Net Premiums Earned	$ 921,184	$ 936,651	$ 882,071
Net Investment Income	52,627	44,918	40,853
Net Losses and Loss Expenses	564,332	604,118	609,178
Amortization of Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs	152,783	160,311	154,214
Other Underwriting Expenses	158,385	155,254	151,748
Net Premiums Written	904,827	942,281	895,697
Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs	68,670	73,347
Liability For Losses and Loss Expenses	1,100,050	1,120,985
Unearned Premiums	591,040	612,476
Other Policy Claims and Benefits Payable	0	0
Commercial Lines [Member]
SCHEDULE III - SUPPLEMENTARY INSURANCE INFORMATION [Abstract]
Net Premiums Earned	555,873	539,683	533,029
Net Investment Income	0	0	0
Net Losses and Loss Expenses	345,233	334,363	345,401
Amortization of Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs	92,194	92,368	94,842
Other Underwriting Expenses	95,575	89,455	93,325
Net Premiums Written	563,991	547,920	528,429
Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs	44,043	44,160
Liability For Losses and Loss Expenses	896,541	887,820
Unearned Premiums	379,075	368,756
Other Policy Claims and Benefits Payable	0	0
Personal Lines [Member]
SCHEDULE III - SUPPLEMENTARY INSURANCE INFORMATION [Abstract]
Net Premiums Earned	365,311	396,968	349,042
Net Investment Income	0	0	0
Net Losses and Loss Expenses	219,099	269,755	263,777
Amortization of Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs	60,589	67,943	59,372
Other Underwriting Expenses	62,810	65,799	58,423
Net Premiums Written	340,836	394,361	367,268
Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs	24,627	29,187
Liability For Losses and Loss Expenses	203,509	233,165
Unearned Premiums	211,965	243,720
Other Policy Claims and Benefits Payable	0	0
Investments [Member]
SCHEDULE III - SUPPLEMENTARY INSURANCE INFORMATION [Abstract]
Net Premiums Earned	0	0	0
Net Investment Income	52,627	44,918	40,853
Net Losses and Loss Expenses	0	0	0
Amortization of Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs	0	0	0
Other Underwriting Expenses	0	0	0
Net Premiums Written	0	0	$ 0
Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs	0	0
Liability For Losses and Loss Expenses	0	0
Unearned Premiums	0	0
Other Policy Claims and Benefits Payable	$ 0	$ 0

Condensed Financial Information of Parent Company - Condensed Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income (Details) - Parent Company [Member] - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Revenues
Dividends from subsidiaries	$ 10,000	$ 15,000	$ 13,000
Other	1,299	669	638
Total revenues	11,299	15,669	13,638
Expenses
Operating expenses	1,265	1,314	1,202
Interest	1,529	1,120	787
Total expenses	2,794	2,434	1,989
Income before income tax benefit and equity in undistributed net income (loss) of subsidiaries	8,505	13,235	11,649
Income tax benefit	(1,559)	(635)	(375)
Income before equity in undistributed net income (loss) of subsidiaries	10,064	13,870	12,024
Equity in undistributed net income (loss) of subsidiaries	69,277	36,992	(7,598)
Net income	79,341	50,862	4,426
Statements of Comprehensive Income
Net income	79,341	50,862	4,426
Other comprehensive income, net of tax
Unrealized gain - subsidiaries	19,905	4,681	6,018
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	19,905	4,681	6,018
Comprehensive income	$ 99,246	$ 55,543	$ 10,444

Stock Compensation Plans - Summary of Information about Stock Options Outstanding (Details) - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Stock Compensation Plans [Abstract]
Number of options outstanding (in Shares)	2,071,539
Number of options exercisable (in Shares)	1,331,747	1,792,942	3,234,327
December 16, 2021 [Member]
Stock Compensation Plans [Abstract]
Exercise price (in Dollars per share)	$ 14.39
Number of options outstanding (in Shares)	221,936
Weighted-average remaining contractual life	1 year
Number of options exercisable (in Shares)	221,936
December 15, 2022 [Member]
Stock Compensation Plans [Abstract]
Exercise price (in Dollars per share)	$ 14.09
Number of options outstanding (in Shares)	434,346
Weighted-average remaining contractual life	2 years
Number of options exercisable (in Shares)	434,346
December 21, 2023 [Member]
Stock Compensation Plans [Abstract]
Exercise price (in Dollars per share)	$ 13.87
Number of options outstanding (in Shares)	611,141
Weighted-average remaining contractual life	3 years
Number of options exercisable (in Shares)	407,427
December 19, 2024 [Member]
Stock Compensation Plans [Abstract]
Exercise price (in Dollars per share)	$ 15.76
Number of options outstanding (in Shares)	804,116
Weighted-average remaining contractual life	4 years
Number of options exercisable (in Shares)	268,038

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (f)(2)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
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+ Details

Property and Equipment

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Property and Equipment [Abstract]

Property and Equipment

7 - Property and Equipment

Property and equipment at December 31, 2025 and 2024 consisted of the following:

	2025			2024			Estimated Useful Life
Office equipment	$	8,289,413		$	8,288,988		3-15 years
Automobiles		42,794			42,794		5 years
Real estate		2,575,207			2,575,207		5-50 years
Software		1,386,936			1,386,936		5 years
		12,294,350			12,293,925
Accumulated depreciation		(9,964,859	)		(9,814,742	)
	$	2,329,491		$	2,479,183

Depreciation expense for 2025, 2024 and 2023 amounted to $150,117, $153,480 and $166,400, respectively.

Audit Information	12 Months Ended
Audit Information	Dec. 31, 2025
Auditor [Table]
Auditor Name	KPMG LLP
Auditor Firm ID	185
Auditor Location	Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Allowance for Expected Credit Losses

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Allowance for Expected Credit Losses [Abstract]

Allowance for Expected Credit Losses

20 - Allowance for Expected Credit Losses

Pursuant to new accounting guidance we adopted on January 1, 2023, we make estimates with respect to the potential impairment of financial instruments and recognize expected credit losses as an allowance rather than impairments as credit losses are incurred. We refer to Note 2 - Impact of New Accounting Standards for more information regarding the new accounting guidance. We have established allowances for expected credit losses with respect to held-to-maturity debt securities and reinsurance receivable.

Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities

For held-to-maturity debt securities, we make estimates concerning expected credit losses at an aggregated level rather that monitoring individual debt securities for credit losses. We establish an allowance for expected credit losses based on an ongoing review of securities held, historical loss data, changes in issuer credit standing and other relevant factors. We utilize a probability-of-default methodology, which reflects current and forecasted economic conditions, to estimate the allowance for expected credit losses and recognize changes to the allowance in our results of operations.

The following table presents the balances for fixed maturities classified as held-to-maturity, net of the allowance for expected credit losses, at December 31, 2025 and 2024 and changes in the allowance for expected credit losses for 2025 and 2024.

	At and For the Year Ended December 31, 2025					At and For the Year Ended December 31, 2024
	Held-to- Maturity, Net of Allowance for Expected Credit Losses		Allowance for Expected Credit Losses			Held-to- Maturity, Net of Allowance for Expected Credit Losses		Allowance for Expected Credit Losses
	(in thousands)
Balance at beginning of period	$	705,714	$	1,388		$	679,497	$	1,326
Current period change for expected credit losses				(75	)				62
Balance at end of period	$	776,447	$	1,313		$	705,714	$	1,388

Reinsurance Receivable

For reinsurance receivable, we establish an allowance for expected credit losses based upon our ongoing review of amounts outstanding, historical loss data, changes in reinsurer credit standing and other relevant factors. We utilize a probability-of-default methodology, which reflects current and forecasted economic conditions, to estimate the allowance for expected credit losses and recognize changes to the allowance in our results of operations.

The following table presents the balances for reinsurance receivable, net of the allowance for expected credit losses, at December 31, 2025 and 2024 and changes in the allowance for expected credit losses for 2025 and 2024.

	At and For the Year Ended December 31, 2025					At and For the Year Ended December 31, 2024
	Reinsurance Receivable, Net of Allowance for Expected Credit Losses		Allowance for Expected Credit Losses			Reinsurance Receivable, Net of Allowance for Expected Credit Losses		Allowance for Expected Credit Losses
	(in thousands)
Balance at beginning of period	$	420,742	$	391		$	441,431	$	1,394
Current period change for expected credit losses				(16	)				(1,003	)
Balance at end of period	$	398,582	$	375		$	420,742	$	391

Income Taxes

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Income Taxes [Abstract]

Income Taxes

11 - Income Taxes

Our provision for income tax expense for 2025, 2024 and 2023 consisted of the following:

	2025		2024			2023
Current income tax expense:
U.S. federal	$	17,813,302	$	11,708,424		$	158,575
State		250,000		250,000			250,000
Deferred income tax expense (benefit):
U.S. federal		188,935	$	(481,744	)	$	229,397
Total income tax expense included in the consolidated statements of income	$	18,252,237	$	11,476,680		$	637,972

The state income tax expense category was comprised of state taxes in Delaware.

Our effective tax rate is different from the amount computed at the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21%. The reasons for such difference and the related tax effects are as follows:

	2025					2024					2023
Income before income tax expense	$	97,592,977				$	62,338,932				$	5,063,476
Tax at U.S. federal statutory rate		20,494,525		21.0	%		13,091,176		21.0	%		1,063,330		21.0	%
State income taxes, net of federal income tax effect		250,000		0.3			250,000		0.4			250,000		4.9
Nontaxable or nondeductible items:
Tax-exempt interest		(1,506,919	)	(1.5	)		(1,260,114	)	(2.0	)		(1,328,312	)	(26.2	)
Proration		392,676		0.4			329,468		0.5			351,415		6.9
Dividends received deduction		(63,786	)	(0.1	)		(57,759	)	(0.1	)		(77,348	)	(1.5	)
Stock options		(895,639	)	(0.9	)		101,600		0.2			595,602		11.8
Fixed-maturity dispositions		—		—			(585,845	)	(0.9	)		—		—
Other adjustments:
Unrealized gain on equity securities		(1,060,494	)	(1.1	)		(1,054,875	)	(1.7	)		(572,213	)	(11.3	)
Additional tax paid for prior year		179,457		0.2			(5,157	)	(0.1	)		159,261		3.1
Other, net		462,417		0.4			668,186		1.1			196,237		3.9
Income tax expense	$	18,252,237		18.7	%	$	11,476,680		18.4	%	$	637,972		12.6	%

Income taxes paid were as follows:

	2025		2024		2023
U.S. federal	$	22,447,439	$	3,500,000	$	—
State		250,050		250,050		250,050
Total	$	22,697,489	$	3,750,050	$	250,050

The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of our deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities at December 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:

	2025			2024
Deferred tax assets:
Unearned premium	$	17,690,466		$	18,377,475
Loss reserves		11,054,832			10,579,697
Net unrealized losses		2,205,197			7,498,822
Net state operating loss carryforward - DGI Parent		7,508,094			7,581,066
Other		850,843			1,035,322
Total gross deferred tax assets		39,309,432			45,072,382
Less valuation allowance		(7,508,094	)		(7,581,066	)
Net deferred tax assets		31,801,338			37,491,316
Deferred tax liabilities:
Deferred policy acquisition costs		14,420,695			15,402,863
Loss reserve transition adjustment		—			271,738
Other		4,093,342			3,046,854
Total gross deferred tax liabilities		18,514,037			18,721,455
Net deferred tax asset	$	13,287,301		$	18,769,861

We provide a valuation allowance when we believe it is more likely than not that we will not realize some portion of a deferred tax asset. At December 31, 2025 and 2024, we established a valuation allowance of $7.5 million and $7.6 million, respectively, for our net state operating loss carryforward. We determined that we were not required to establish a valuation allowance for the other net deferred tax assets of $31.8 million and $37.5 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, since it is more likely than not that we will realize these deferred tax assets through reversals of existing temporary differences, future taxable income and our implementation of tax-planning strategies.

We are no longer subject to income tax examinations for tax years prior to 2016. In 2019, the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) began a federal income tax audit of our consolidated tax returns for tax years 2016 to 2018. No material issues have been raised and no adjustments have been proposed as a result of this ongoing audit.

On July 4, 2025, a budget reconciliation package referred to as the One Big Beautiful Bill Act of 2025 (the “OBBBA”) was enacted. The tax provisions included within the OBBBA did not have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for income tax.

+ References

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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482603/740-30-50-2

+ Details

Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs [Abstract]

Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs

Changes in our insurance subsidiaries’ deferred policy acquisition costs are as follows:

	2025			2024			2023
Balance, January 1	$	73,346,967		$	75,043,404		$	73,170,230
Acquisition costs deferred		148,106,015			158,614,563			156,087,174
Amortization charged to earnings		(152,783,000	)		(160,311,000	)		(154,214,000	)
Balance, December 31	$	68,669,982		$	73,346,967		$	75,043,404

Allowance for Expected Credit Losses (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Allowance for Expected Credit Losses [Abstract]

Held-to-Maturity Fixed-Maturity Securities

	At and For the Year Ended December 31, 2025					At and For the Year Ended December 31, 2024
	Held-to- Maturity, Net of Allowance for Expected Credit Losses		Allowance for Expected Credit Losses			Held-to- Maturity, Net of Allowance for Expected Credit Losses		Allowance for Expected Credit Losses
	(in thousands)
Balance at beginning of period	$	705,714	$	1,388		$	679,497	$	1,326
Current period change for expected credit losses				(75	)				62
Balance at end of period	$	776,447	$	1,313		$	705,714	$	1,388

Reinsurance Receivable

	At and For the Year Ended December 31, 2025					At and For the Year Ended December 31, 2024
	Reinsurance Receivable, Net of Allowance for Expected Credit Losses		Allowance for Expected Credit Losses			Reinsurance Receivable, Net of Allowance for Expected Credit Losses		Allowance for Expected Credit Losses
	(in thousands)
Balance at beginning of period	$	420,742	$	391		$	441,431	$	1,394
Current period change for expected credit losses				(16	)				(1,003	)
Balance at end of period	$	398,582	$	375		$	420,742	$	391

Borrowings - FHLB of Stock Purchased, Collateral Pledged and Assets Related (Details) - FHLB of Pittsburgh [Member] - Atlantic States [Member]	Dec. 31, 2025 USD ($)
Borrowings [Abstract]
FHLB stock purchased and owned as part of the agreement	$ 1,615,400
Collateral pledged, at par (carrying value $39,761,155)	41,599,555
Borrowing capacity currently available	2,727,041
Asset Pledged as Collateral without Right [Member]
Borrowings [Abstract]
Collateral pledged at carrying value	$ 39,761,155

- Definition

Amortized cost, before allowance for credit loss, of financing receivable. Excludes financing receivable covered under loss sharing agreement and net investment in lease.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 326
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 1
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+ Details

Transactions with Affiliates (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Transactions with Affiliates (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Transactions with Affiliates [Abstract]
Premiums and losses related to certain products	67.00%	65.30%	66.20%
Atlantic States [Member]
Transactions with Affiliates [Abstract]
Percentage of share in results of pooled business subsidiary	80.00%
Insurance Subsidiaries [Member]
Transactions with Affiliates [Abstract]
Coverage under catastrophic occurrence	$ 6,000,000	$ 6,000,000	$ 6,000,000
Donegal Mutual [Member]
Transactions with Affiliates [Abstract]
Premiums and losses related to certain products	100.00%
Percentage of share in results of pooled business owned by third party	20.00%
Premiums and losses related to business of MICO	25.00%
Coverage under catastrophic occurrence	$ 3,000,000	3,000,000	3,000,000
Charges for services	224,811,543	224,565,390	218,974,132
Infrastructure related costs allocated	11,300,000	$ 12,300,000	$ 10,500,000
Proportionate share of the remaining infrastructure costs	$ 45,600,000
Minimum [Member] \| Office Equipment [Member]
Transactions with Affiliates [Abstract]
Lease agreement term	3 years
Maximum [Member] \| Office Equipment [Member]
Transactions with Affiliates [Abstract]
Lease agreement term	10 years
Liability Insurance [Member]
Transactions with Affiliates [Abstract]
Maximum amount of loss coverage under reinsurance agreement of property catastrophe	$ 69,000,000
Catastrophe reinsurance, set retention amount	6,000,000
Liability Insurance [Member] \| Donegal Mutual [Member]
Transactions with Affiliates [Abstract]
Maximum amount of loss coverage under reinsurance agreement of property catastrophe	3,000,000
Catastrophe reinsurance, set retention amount	$ 3,000,000

Fair Value Measurements - Investments in Available-for-Sale Fixed Maturity and Equity Securities (Details) - Recurring Basis [Member] - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2024
Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]
Equity securities, at fair value	$ 44,370,358	$ 36,807,810
Investments in the fair value hierarchy	685,093,133	654,699,672
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) [Member]
Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]
Equity securities, at fair value	42,233,030	34,707,981
Investments in the fair value hierarchy	42,233,030	34,707,981
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member]
Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]
Equity securities, at fair value	2,137,328	2,099,829
Investments in the fair value hierarchy	642,860,103	619,991,691
Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) [Member]
Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]
Equity securities, at fair value	0	0
Investments in the fair value hierarchy	0	0
U.S. Treasury Securities and Obligations of U.S. Government Corporations and Agencies [Member]
Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]
Available for sale, at fair value	24,329,398	83,792,635
U.S. Treasury Securities and Obligations of U.S. Government Corporations and Agencies [Member] \| Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) [Member]
Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]
Available for sale, at fair value	0	0
U.S. Treasury Securities and Obligations of U.S. Government Corporations and Agencies [Member] \| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member]
Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]
Available for sale, at fair value	24,329,398	83,792,635
U.S. Treasury Securities and Obligations of U.S. Government Corporations and Agencies [Member] \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) [Member]
Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]
Available for sale, at fair value	0	0
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions [Member]
Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]
Available for sale, at fair value	48,550,717	37,404,420
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions [Member] \| Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) [Member]
Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]
Available for sale, at fair value	0	0
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions [Member] \| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member]
Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]
Available for sale, at fair value	48,550,717	37,404,420
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions [Member] \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) [Member]
Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]
Available for sale, at fair value	0	0
Corporate Securities [Member]
Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]
Available for sale, at fair value	130,924,461	202,931,696
Corporate Securities [Member] \| Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) [Member]
Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]
Available for sale, at fair value	0	0
Corporate Securities [Member] \| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member]
Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]
Available for sale, at fair value	130,924,461	202,931,696
Corporate Securities [Member] \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) [Member]
Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]
Available for sale, at fair value	0	0
Mortgage-Backed Securities [Member]
Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]
Available for sale, at fair value	436,918,199	293,763,111
Mortgage-Backed Securities [Member] \| Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) [Member]
Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]
Available for sale, at fair value	0	0
Mortgage-Backed Securities [Member] \| Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member]
Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]
Available for sale, at fair value	436,918,199	293,763,111
Mortgage-Backed Securities [Member] \| Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) [Member]
Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]
Available for sale, at fair value	$ 0	$ 0

Borrowings

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Borrowings [Abstract]

Borrowings

9 - Borrowings

Lines of Credit

In August 2020, we entered into a credit agreement with Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company (“M&T”) that related to a $20.0 million unsecured demand line of credit. The line of credit has no expiration date, no annual fees and no covenants. At December 31, 2025, we had no outstanding borrowings from M&T and had the ability to borrow up to $20.0 million at interest rates equal to the then-current Term SOFR rate plus 2.11%.

Atlantic States is a member of the FHLB of Pittsburgh. Through its membership, Atlantic States has the ability to issue debt to the FHLB of Pittsburgh in exchange for cash advances. Atlantic States has a fixed-rate cash advance of $35.0 million that was outstanding at December 31, 2025. The cash advance carries a fixed interest rate of 3.806% and is due in September 2026.

FHLB stock purchased and owned as part of the agreement	$	1,615,400
Collateral pledged, at par (carrying value $39,761,155)		41,599,555
Borrowing capacity currently available		2,727,041

The following table reflects interest we paid during 2025, 2024 and 2023:

		2025				2024				2023
Interest		$	1,350,601			$	969,089			$	618,519